Commons:Droit d'auteur par territoire/Vietnam

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This page is a translated version of a page Commons:Copyright rules by territory/Vietnam and the translation is 33% complete. Changes to the translation template, respectively the source language can be submitted through Commons:Copyright rules by territory/Vietnam and have to be approved by a translation administrator.
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Règles du droit d'auteur : Vietnam
Raccourci: COM:VIETNAM
Drapeau (Vietnam)
Carte (Vietnam)
Durées
Standard 50 ans après la mort
Photographie 75 ans après la publication
Anonyme 75 ans après la publication
Audiovisuel 75 ans après la publication
Autres
Liberté de panorama No
Durées : fin d'année Oui
Modèles de licence {{PD-Vietnam}}
ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 VNM
Traités
Convention de Berne 26 octobre 2004
Membre de l'OMC 11 janvier 2007
Date de restauration de l'URAA‌* 23 décembre 1998
*‌Une œuvre est généralement protégée aux États-Unis s'il s'agit d'un type d’œuvre pouvant être couvert par le droit d'auteur aux États-Unis, qu'elle a été publiée après le 31 décembre 1928 et qu'elle est protégée dans le pays d'origine à la date de l'URAA.

Cette page fournit un aperçu des règles de droit d'auteur du Vietnam applicables au téléchargement d'œuvres sur Wikimedia Commons. Notez que toute œuvre originaire du Vietnam doit appartenir au domaine public ou être disponible sous licence libre au Vietnam et aux États-Unis avant de pouvoir être téléchargée sur Wikimedia Commons. En cas de doute sur le statut de droit d'auteur d'une œuvre du Vietnam, reportez-vous aux lois applicables pour plus de précisions.

Contexte

Le Vietnam était indépendant jusqu'au 19ème siècle, moment où il a été colonisé par la France. Après la Seconde Guerre mondiale, le pays a déclaré son indépendance le 2 septembre 1945. Une lutte a commencé contre la France puis contre les États-Unis, durant laquelle le Vietnam du Nord et le Vietnam du Sud ont été séparés politiquement. Le Vietnam du Nord a remporté la victoire, et le pays a été réunifié en 1975.

Le Vietnam est membre de la Convention de Berne depuis le 26 octobre 2004 et de l'Organisation mondiale du commerce depuis le 11 janvier 2007.

[1]

La réactivation des droits d'auteur vietnamiens aux États-Unis a eu lieu au travers de la Proclamation présidentielle n°7161 du 23 décembre 1998 [63 Fed. Reg. 71571 (1998)][1]. Celle-ci est antérieure à la signature de la Convention de Berne par le Vietnam le 26 octobre 2004.

[2]

En 2018, l'Organisation mondiale de la propriété intellectuelle (OMPI), une agence des Nations Unies, avait enregistré la Loi n°50/2005/QH11 du 29 novembre 2005, sur la propriété intellectuelle comme étant la principale loi sur la propriété intellectuelle promulguée par la législature du Vietnam[2]. L'OMPI conserve le texte de cette loi dans sa base de données WIPO Lex[3]. Cette loi a été modifiée par la Loi n°36/2009/QH12 du 19 juin 2009, qui amendait et complétait plusieurs articles de la loi sur la propriété intellectuelle.

In addition, there are 11 relevant decrees (17 if amendments are included) and 22 circulars (30 if amendments are included) serving as implementation guidances.[2]

Règles générales

Standard term for works

  • The standard copyright term for works is author's life + 50 years.[36/2009 Article 27(2b)] For a work under joint authorship, the term of protection expires in the 50th year after the death of the last surviving co-author.[36/2009 Article 27(2b)]
  • The term of protection expires at 24:00 of December 31st of the year of expiration of the copyright protection term.[36/2009 Article 27(2c)]

Nous pouvons considérer que la durée de 50 ans s'appliquait à la date de l'URAA, en conséquence de quoi les œuvres publiées avant le 23 décembre 1948 et dont l'auteur reste inconnu, ainsi que les œuvres d'auteurs morts avant le 23 décembre 1948, se trouvent dans le domaine public aux États-Unis.

Cinematographic works, photographic works, works of applied art and anonymous works

  • Under 2005 Law, cinematographic works, photographic works, dramatic works, works of applied art and anonymous works where the author remains unknown have a term of protection of 50 years from the date of first publication.[50/2005 Article 27(2a)] Under 2009 Amendment, from January 1st 2010, cinematographic works, photographic works, works of applied art and anonymous works where the author remains unknown have a term of protection of 75 years from the date of first publication.[36/2009 Article 27(2a)] Works which entered public domain prior to January 1st 2010 remained in the public domain even if they now qualified for copyright protection. And those works whose copyright terms have not expired on January 1st 2010 now prolong to 75 years.[36/2009 Article 220]
  • Under 2005 Law, within 50 years after the fixation of a cinematographic work or dramatic work, if such work has not been published, the term of protection shall be calculated from the date of its fixation.[50/2005 Article 27(2a)]. Under 2009 Amendment, from January 1st 2010, for cinematographic works, photographic works and works of applied art which remain unpublished within 25 years from the date of fixation, the term of protection is 100 years from the date of fixation.[36/2009 Article 27(2a)]

Posthumous works

  • Since April 26, 2023, copyright term of posthumous works shall conform to Article 27 of the Law on Intellectual Property.[Decree No. 17/2023 Article 17][4] Before April 26, 2023, posthumous works are granted 50 years of copyright protection from the date of first publication.[Decree No. 22/2018 Article 24][5]
  • The rights of performers shall be protected for 50 years counting from the year following the year of fixation of their performances.[50/2005 Article 34(1)]
  • The rights of producers of phonograms or video recordings shall be protected for 50 years counting from year following the year of publication, or 50 years counting from the year following the year of fixation of unpublished phonograms or video recordings.[50/2005 Article 34(2)]
  • The rights of broadcasting organizations shall be protected for 50 years counting from the year following the year of the making of their broadcasts.[50/2005 Article 34(3)]
  • The term of protection shall expire at 24:00 of December 31 of the year of expiration of related right protection term.[50/2005 Article 34(4)]

Loi antérieure

Law No. 50/2005/QH11 was not retroactive, so works that had gone into the public domain remained in the public domain even if they now qualified for copyright protection under the 2005 law. The prior laws were Ordinance No: 38-L/CTN of the Standing Committee of the National Assembly, dated 2 December 1994, it was replaced by the Civil Code, Part 6: Intellectual property rights and technology transfer, adopted on 28 October 1995.[6] Under these laws:

[7][8][9]

  • Copyright extended for the life of the author and 50 years after their death.[1994 Art. 17][1995 Art. 766(2)]
  • Works of joint authorship were protected for 50 years after death of the last surviving author.[1994 Art. 18][1995 Art. 766(3)]
  • For cinematographic works, radio, television or video programs, and works published posthumously, copyright extended for 50 years after the date of first publication.[1994 Art. 20(1), 21][1995 Art. 766(4)]
  • The rights of unknown or anonymous authors belonged to the state, unless the author was identified within 50 years of the date of publication, in which case protection would apply until 50 years after the death of the author (or last surviving author).[1994 Art. 20(2), 21][1995 Art. 766(5)]
  • The rights of the producers of audio tapes and records, and of video tapes and disks shall be protected for a period of 50 years commencing on the date these tapes, records and disks are published for the first time.[1994 Art. 32][1995 Art. 777(2)]
  • The rights of radio and television broadcasting organizations shall be protected for a period of 50 years commencing on the date the radio or television program is broadcast for the first time.[1994 Art. 35][1995 Art. 779(2)]

The first copyright law of Vietnam was Decree No. 142-HĐBT of November 14, 1986 by the Council of Ministers with the term of copyright protection was the life of the author (or the last surviving co-author) and 30 years after their death; and copyright for an organization was unlimited, if the organization was dissolved, the copyright belonged to the state.[10]

Œuvres non protégées

Raccourci

Voir aussi : Commons:Œuvres non protégées

Les éléments qui ne sont pas couverts par la protection des droits d'auteur sont 1. les nouvelles du jour en tant que simples éléments d'information de presse ; 2. les documents juridiques, les documents administratifs et autres documents dans le domaine judiciaire et les traductions officielles de ces documents ; 3. les processus, les systèmes, les méthodes opératoires, les concepts, les principes et les données[36/2009 Article 15].

The system of Vietnam's legislative documents
  1. The Constitution.
  2. Codes and Laws (hereinafter referred to as Laws), Resolutions of the National Assembly
  3. Ordinances, Resolutions of the Standing Committee of the National Assembly; Joint Resolutions between the Standing Committee of the National Assembly and the Management Board of Central Committee of Vietnamese Fatherland Front; Joint Resolutions between the Standing Committee of the National Assembly, the Government, the Management Board of Central Committee of Vietnamese Fatherland Front.[11][12]
  4. Orders, Decisions of the President.
  5. Decrees of the Government; Joint Resolutions between the Government and Management Board of Central Committee of Vietnamese Fatherland Front
  6. Decision of the Prime Minister.
  7. Resolutions of Judge Council of the People’s Supreme Court.
  8. Circulars of the Executive Judge of the People’s Supreme Court; Circulars of the Chief Procurator of the Supreme People’s Procuracy; Circulars of Ministers, Heads of ministerial agencies; Decisions of the State Auditor General.
    8a. Joint Circulars between the Executive Judge of the People’s Supreme Court, the Chief Procurator of the Supreme People’s Procuracy, the State Auditor General, Ministers, Heads of ministerial agencies. Joint Circulars between Ministers and Heads of ministerial agencies shall not be promulgated.[11]
  9. Resolutions of the People’s Councils of central-affiliated cities and provinces (hereinafter referred to as provinces).
  10. Decisions of the People’s Committees of provinces.
  11. Legislative documents of local governments in administrative - economic units.
  12. Resolutions of the People’s Councils of districts, towns and cities within provinces (hereinafter referred to as districts).
  13. Decisions of the People’s Committees of districts.
  14. Resolutions of the People’s Councils of communes, wards and towns within districts (hereinafter referred to as communes).
  15. Decisions of the People’s Committees of communes.
  • "Administrative documents" include regulations, announcements, guidelines, programs, plans, projects, reports, contracts, memorandums, agreements, invitations, sick leave, etc.[13][14] These are issued by governmental agencies, political organizations, socio-political organizations, socio-profession-political organizations, social organizations, socio-profession organizations, and people’s armed forces.[Decree No. 17/2023 Article 8(2)]
  1. Processes, systems, operation methods, concepts, principles and data.
    • Procedures are sequences of actions which must be complied with in order to carry out tasks;[Decree No. 17/2023 Article 8(3)(a)]
    • A system is a combination of factors, units of the same types or functions that are closely connected or correlated and create a unified form;[Decree No. 17/2023 Article 8(3)(b)]
    • Methods are ways of studying, perceiving natural phenomena and social life;[Decree No. 17/2023 Article 8(3)(c)]
    • Concepts are thoughts reflecting overview of real things and phenomena and how they are connected;[Decree No. 17/2023 Article 8(3)(d)]
    • Principles are basic, general rules that govern a series of phenomenon; important initial thoughts or theories and starting points for further development of other theories.[Decree No. 17/2023 Article 8(3)(đ)]

Note that the term "document" (translated from Vietnamese term văn bản) here means "written information communicated by means of language or sign"[14][Decree 30/2020 Article 3] and hence does not include images, logos or emblems of any kind. The official format of an administrative document includes signature and seals,[Decree 30/2020 Article 8] so it is assumed that signatures on government papers should be in the public domain.

However, Decree No. 18/2014/ND-CP said "Collectors and correctors of works, suppliers of works, documents and materials that are paid remuneration by agencies or organizations using the publications, including: Documents of state agencies, political organizations, socio-political organizations, social organizations, socio-professional organizations and economic organizations, and translations of these documents". And "royalties and remuneration shall be included in the costs of publications".[Decree 18/2014 Article 12][15]

The State's intellectual property policies are "not to protect intellectual property objects which are contrary to social ethics and public order and prejudicial to defense and security".[36/2009 Article 8(1)]

Official gazette and the legitimately typified Code

The Government Office holds the copyright on electronic official gazette ("CONG BAO") of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Offices of provincial-level People's Committees hold the copyright on provincial-level electronic official gazette ("CONG BAO").[16][Circular 01/2017/TT-VPCP Article 7(2)] See also Commons:Deletion requests/Files in Category:Official Bulletins of Vietnam, Vietnam government seems to conflict themselves in this particular case (and actually many more) and this is a copyfraud.

The State holds the copyright to the legitimately typified Code.[17][Ordinance 03/2012/UBTVQH13 Article 14(2)]

Bandeaux de licence

Raccourci

Voir aussi : Commons:Bandeaux de licence

  • {{PD-Vietnam}} – Toutes les photographies tombent dans le domaine public cinquante ans après leur première publication, et les œuvres non photographiques tombent dans le domaine public 50 ans après la mort de l'auteur.
  • {{PD-VietnamGov}} – for legal text documents, administrative text documents by the government and official translations, as well as other documents mentioned in the Not protected section. Do not use this for images and logos.
  • {{PD-South VietnamGov}} — The government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam maintains that between 2 September 1945 and 2 July 1976 only the Democratic Republic of Vietnam and the Republic of South Vietnam were legitimate governments and sees works issued by rival governments as illegal.


Monnaie

Raccourci

Voir aussi : Commons:Monnaie

 Non libre. Les billets de banque et les pièces de monnaie ne font pas exception à la loi sur le droit d'auteur. De plus, la duplication de billets de banque ou de pièces de monnaie vietnamiens sans l'accord écrit de la Banque d’État est interdit par ordre du Premier ministre en juin 2003 (article 3)[18].

Emblème national

  • The use of national emblem is regulated under Guidance 3420/HD-BVHTTDL, II. Quốc huy, Article 1, which refer to Article 973-TTg: (rough translation) "The image of national emblem is printed on the following papers/documents […] For cases not mentioned in this Article, organizations will submit them to the Prime Minister for his approval."

Liberté de panorama

Raccourci

Voir aussi : Commons:Liberté de panorama

  Les photographies et la diffusion télévisée d'arts plastiques (sculptures, céramiques, etc.), d'architecture, de photographies, d'arts appliqués (poterie, mobilier, etc.) exposés dans des lieux publics. {{FoP-Vietnam}}
 Non libres : autres types de reproduction et autres types d'œuvres (tableaux, peintures murales, littérature, etc.)

  • Note, valid from 1 January 2023 onwards: "Copyright protection expires 50 years after the death of the original author (who may be the architect, sculptor, or artist of applied art) of a public artistic work of Vietnam. On January 1st of the following year (ie. January 1 of the 51st Year), freely-licensed images of the author's sculptures, buildings, applied arts, or monuments are now free and can be uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. The lack of commercial Freedom of Panorama is no longer relevant here for sovereign states with no formal FOP legal rights since the author's works are now copyright free."

 : photographs and television broadcasts of arts plastiques (sculptures, ceramics etc.), architecture, photographs, arts appliqués (pottery, furniture etc.) displayed at public places, uploaded on Wikimedia Commons until 31 December 2022. The new amendments are not retroactive. Applicable template: {{FoP-Vietnam}}

En vertu de la Loi n°50/2005/QH11 du 29 novembre 2005 amendée par la Loi n°36/2009/QH12 du 19 juin 2009, "l'utilisation d’œuvres publiées pour laquelle il n'est pas nécessaire de disposer d'une autorisation ou de payer une redevance comprend ... la photographie ou l'utilisation à la télévision d’œuvres d'arts plastiques, architecturales photographiques ou d'arts appliqués exposés en des lieux publics afin de présenter des images de ces œuvres[36/2009 Article 25.1(h)].

Threshold of originality

Raccourci

Voir aussi : Commons:Seuil d’originalité

There is currently no consensus regarding the threshold of originality for Vietnam. However, some Commons precedent is available here: Commons:Deletion requests/File:Logo Vinamilk (2023).png.

Expired relevant law

These are intellectual property relevant laws:

  • Ordinance No. 38-L/CTN1 of December 02, 1994, on protection of copyright [Pháp lệnh Bảo hộ Quyền Tác giả 1994 38-L/CTN] (replaced by Resolution on enforcing the 1995 Civil Code [Nghị quyết thi hành Bộ luật dân sự 1995])
  • Civil Code 1995, expired on December 31st 2006
  • Decree 100/2006, Decree 85/2011 and Decree 22/2018 (replaced by Decree 17/2023)

Voir aussi

Références

  1. ↑ a b Bill Clinton. Proclamation 7161 of December 23, 1998 Extending United States Copyright Protections to the Works of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam [Tuyên cáo 7161 của Tổng thống Bill Clinton: Kéo dài bảo vệ tác quyền Hoa Kỳ đối với các tác phẩm của Cộng hòa Xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam]. Retrieved on 2019-01-28. (bản dịch tiếng Việt)
  2. ↑ a b c Vietnam Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) [Quyền tác giả và các quyền liên quan tại Việt Nam]. WIPO [Tổ chức Sở hữu Trí tuệ Thế giới] (2018). Retrieved on 2018-11-08.
  3. ↑ Law No. 50/2005/QH11, on Intellectual Property. Vietnam (29 November 2005). Retrieved on 2018-11-11.
  4. ↑ Decree No 17/2023/ND-CP elaborating the law on intellectual property regarding copyrights and related rights [Nghị định số 17/2023/NĐ-CP Quy định chi tiết một số điều và biện pháp thi hành Luật Sở hữu trí tuệ về quyền tác giả, quyền liên quan]. Vietanlaw. Retrieved on 2023-08-11.
  5. ↑ Decree No. 22/2018/ND-CP of February 23, 2018, on Guidelines for Certain Number of Articles of the Intellectual Property Law and Law on Amendments to the Intellectual Property Law 2009 in Terms of Copyright and Related Rights [Nghị định 22/2018/NĐ-CP về hướng dẫn Luật sở hữu trí tuệ năm 2005 và Luật sở hữu trí tuệ sửa đổi năm 2009 về quyền tác giả, quyền liên quan]. WIPO. Retrieved on 2022-01-05.
  6. ↑ Resolution on enforcing the 1995 Civil Code [Nghị quyết thi hành Bộ luật dân sự 1995] (28 October 1995). Retrieved on 2022-09-08.
  7. ↑ Ordinance No. 38-L/CTN1 of December 02, 1994, on protection of copyright. Retrieved on 2021-03-20.
  8. ↑ Civil Code (28 October 1995). Retrieved on 2021-03-20.
  9. ↑ Civil Code 1995, Article 766 [Bộ luật Dân sự 1995, Điều 766] (28 October 1995). Retrieved on 2021-03-20.
  10. ↑ Thông tư số 63-VH/TT ngày 16-7-1988 hướng dẫn việc sử dụng và phân phối nhuận bút đối với các tác phẩm văn học, nghệ thuật, khoa học hết thời hạn hưởng quyền tác giả. Thư viện pháp luật. Retrieved on 2023-08-11.
  11. ↑ a b Updated according to Law No. 63/2020/QH14 dated June 18, 2020 Amendments to the Law on Promulgation of Legislative Documents
  12. ↑ Law No. 63/2020/QH14 dated June 18, 2020 Amendments to the Law on Promulgation of Legislative Documents [Luật số 63/2020/QH14: Luật sửa đổi, bổ sung một số điều của Luật Ban hành văn bản quy phạm pháp luật] (in vietnamese). Retrieved on 2022-01-13. (unofficial English translation)
  13. ↑ Full list: "nghị quyết (cá biệt), quyết định (cá biệt), chỉ thị, quy chế, quy định, thông cáo, thông báo, hướng dẫn, chương trình, kế hoạch, phương án, đề án, dự án, báo cáo, biên bản, tờ trình, hợp đồng, công văn, công điện, bản ghi nhớ, bản thỏa thuận, giấy ủy quyền, giấy mời, giấy giới thiệu, phiếu gửi, phiếu chuyển, phiếu báo, thư công".
  14. ↑ a b Decree No. 30/2020/ND-CP regulations on clerical work [Nghị định 30/2020/NĐ-CP về công tác văn thư] (in vietnamese). Retrieved on 2022-02-06. Unofficial English translation, "văn bản là thông tin thành văn được truyền đạt bằng ngôn ngữ hoặc ký hiệu"
  15. ↑ Decree No. 18/2014/ND-CP prescribing the regime of royalties in the field of press and publication [Nghị định số 18/2014/NĐ-CP quy định về chế độ nhuận bút trong lĩnh vực báo chí, xuất bản]. WIPO. Retrieved on 2023-08-15.
  16. ↑ Circular No. 01/2017/TT-VPCP (2017-03-31). Retrieved on 2023-01-30.
  17. ↑ Ordinance No. 03/2012/UBTVQH13 on legitimate typification of legal norms system (2012-04-16). Retrieved on 2023-01-30.
  18. ↑ Decision No. 130/2003/QD-TTg: On the protection of Vietnamese money [Quyết định số 130/2003/QĐ-TTg của Thủ tướng chính phủ về việc bảo vệ tiền Việt Nam]. Prime Minister of Vietnam (30 June 2003). Retrieved on 2019-01-28., bản tiếng Việt

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