Commons:Government works/zh

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Government works are works made by or for a national or sub-national government, or works whose copyright is held by a national or sub-national government.

Laws vary from country to country. Some types of government work may be free of copyright, while others may be protected. It is common for laws, decrees and court decisions to be free, but this is not always true. It is common for brochures, official portraits and other creative works to be protected, but this is also not always true. Special rules may apply to postage stamps, currency, flags and so on. Different rules may apply to national and sub-national governments, and to different administrative units.

For example:

In the United States a work by the U.S. federal Government is in the public domain. However, the works of state and local governments are often subject to copyright (see COM:US#Works by the US Government).

In the United Kingdom most government works are protected by Crown copyright and Parliamentary copyright, but some are free under the Ordnance Survey OpenData licence or the Open Government Licence (see COM:UK).

In France laws, decrees, court decisions and other similar government texts (but not the translations or commentaries thereof) are in the public domain. Other government works are generally protected by copyright (see COM:France).

In Germany works that contain a "normative or individual legal stipulation" are free, as are official works published in the official interest for general information purposes, but non-literary works such as stamps or currency may be protected (see COM:Germany#Official works).

Refer to the Commons:Copyright rules by territory/country pages (listed at the foot of this page) for the rules that apply to government works in the given country or territory.

Sample rules

Following are sample extracts from pages that describe copyright rules by territory, illustrating different rules for government works. Many other territories have rules specific to government works.

文本嵌入自
COM:GVT Australia

澳大利亚

无可用信息

文本嵌入自
COM:GVT Brazil

巴西

Under the Berne Convention, Article 2.4, It shall be a matter for legislation in the countries of the Union to determine the protection to be granted to official texts of a legislative, administrative and legal nature, and to official translations of such texts. The convention was implemented by Federal Decree nº 75.699 of 1975 but the decree does not address the issue. Some freedom of access was defined in 1988 with the new Federal Constitution,

^[1]^[2]^[3]

Article 5 (XIV) – access to information is ensured to everyone and the confidentiality of the source shall be safeguarded, whenever necessary to the professional activity.
Article 216 (Para 2) It is incumbent upon the Government, in accordance with the law, to manage the keeping of the governmental documents and to make them available for consultation to whomever may need to do so.

In 1998 the exclusion from copyright protection of these types of work was expressed by article 8, items I and IV of the Copyright law. It excludes legislative and judicial documents, but not all works (ex. cited maps, tables, etc.) created by the federal government.

See {{PD-BrazilGov}}. Note: a special clause must be added to the CC0 implicit license of legislative documents that obliges copiers to add a red notice saying "This text does not replace the original published in the Official Gazette".

文本嵌入自
COM:GVT Costa Rica

哥斯达黎加

无可用信息

文本嵌入自
COM:GVT Iceland

冰島

无可用信息

文本嵌入自
COM:GVT Italy

意大利

Works created by or on behalf of either the government, the former national Fascist Party, an academy, or private legal entities of a non-profit-making character of Italy, have 20 years of duration of the rights ^{[633/1941 art. 11, 29]}

Therefore, the theory that a 70-year rule applies to works of the Italian government is unproven and has been disputed. See Commons:Deletion requests/Category:PD Italy.

According to the discussion at Commons:Village pump/Copyright/Archive/2023/10#Italy FOP again and artwork copyrights supposedly held by city councils of Italy, buildings and monuments commissioned and paid for by the Italian state (including regions, cities etc.) are also official works (government works), and the copyright in these cases is held by the state or its respective subdivision. This interpretation is backed up by legal guides and verdicts by italian courts.^[4]

According to article 52, paragraph 2 of the Digital Administration Code, data and documents published by Italian public administrations without any explicit license are considered "open by default" (with exception of personal data). In this case, data and documents without explicit license can be used for free, also for commercial purpose, like CC-BY license or with attribution.

^[5]

文本嵌入自
COM:GVT Kiribati

由政府製作或在其指導或控制下製作的文學、戲劇或音樂作品，如果自該作品所在的日曆年結束起已過去70年，則屬於公共領域由政府或在政府的指導或控制下首次出版。^{[63/2006-2018 Section 197(3)(b)]}
由政府製作或在政府指導或控制下製作的藝術作品在以下情況下屬於公共領域：
- 如果是照片——
  - 製作於1987年4月10日之前，距離作品製作的日曆年結束已經過去了70年。^{[63/2006-2018 Section 197(4), 231]}
  - 製作於1987年4月10日或之後，自該作品首次發表的日曆年結束以來已經過去了70年。^{[63/2006-2018 Section 197(4A)]}
- 如果是版畫，自該作品首次發表的日曆年結束以來已經過去了70年。^{[63/2006-2018 Section 197(4A)]}
- 如果是雕刻品或照片以外的藝術作品，且自該作品製作的日曆年結束起已過去70年。^{[63/2006-2018 Section 197(4)]}
在以下情況下，由政府或在政府指導或控制下製作的電影電影屬於公有領域：^{[63/2006-2018 Section 197(5)]}
- 如果它是在1987年4月10日之前製作的，則是屬於公有領域的原創戲劇作品，並且構成電影一部分的照片也屬於公有領域（見前幾段）。^{[63/2006-2018 Section 233]}
- 如果它是在1987年4月10日或之後製作的，則自該作品首次發表的日曆年結束以來已經過去了70年。^{[63/2006-2018 Section 88,93]}
在以下情況下，由政府或在政府指示或控制下製作的錄音屬於公共領域：^{[63/2006-2018 Section 197(5)]}
- 如果它是在1987年4月10日之前製作的，則自錄音的日曆年屆滿以來已經過去了70年。^{[63/2006-2018 Section 219(4), 232]}
- 如果它是在1987年4月10日或之後製作的，則自該唱片首次發布的日曆年結束以來已經過去了70年。^{[63/2006-2018 Section 92]}

文本嵌入自
COM:GVT Sudan

苏丹

无可用信息

文本嵌入自
COM:GVT Tuvalu

吐瓦魯

根據英國1956年版權法，

對於由女王陛下或政府部門製作或在其指導或控制下製作的文學、戲劇或音樂作品，版權 (a) 在作品未發表的情況下，只要作品未發表就存在，以及 (b) 在該作品的情況下已出版，自該作品首次出版的日曆年年底起存續50年。^{[1956 Sec.39(3)]}
女王陛下有權享有的藝術作品的版權自作品創作的日曆年結束起保留50年。^{[1956 Sec.39(4)]}

參見

References

Some citation text may not have been transcluded

↑ Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works (as amended on September 28, 1979). WIPO. Retrieved on 2019-03-12.
↑ Decreto nº 75.699, de 6 de Maio de 1975 (in Portuguese). LEXML (6 May 1975). Retrieved on 2019-03-12.
↑ Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil (Constitutional text of October 5, 1988, with the alterations introduced by Constitutional Amendments No. 1/1992 through 64/2010 and by Revision Constitutional Amendments No. 1/1994 through 6/1994 (in English). Retrieved on 2019-03-12.
↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Passeri
↑ National Guidelines of Agency for Digital Italy

注意：上述描述可能不准确，不完整或过时，因此必须谨慎对待。在您上传文件至维基共享资源前，您应当确保其可以自由使用。参见：共享资源:免责声明

[1] Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works (as amended on September 28, 1979). WIPO. Retrieved on 2019-03-12.

[2] Decreto nº 75.699, de 6 de Maio de 1975 (in Portuguese). LEXML (6 May 1975). Retrieved on 2019-03-12.

[3] Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil (Constitutional text of October 5, 1988, with the alterations introduced by Constitutional Amendments No. 1/1992 through 64/2010 and by Revision Constitutional Amendments No. 1/1994 through 6/1994 (in English). Retrieved on 2019-03-12.

[Passeri-4] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Passeri

[5] National Guidelines of Agency for Digital Italy

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[5]

v t e 各地著作權法規
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美洲	安圭拉^* 安提瓜和巴布达阿根廷阿魯巴^* 巴哈馬巴巴多斯伯利兹百慕大^* 玻利維亞巴西英屬維爾京群島^* 加拿大開曼群島^* 智利克利珀頓島^* 哥伦比亚哥斯达黎加古巴库拉索^* 多米尼克多明尼加荷属加勒比^* 厄瓜多尔薩爾瓦多福克蘭群島^* 法屬圭亞那^* 格陵兰^* 格瑞那達瓜德羅普^* 危地马拉圭亚那海地洪都拉斯牙買加馬提尼克^* 墨西哥蒙塞拉特島^* 尼加拉瓜巴拿馬巴拉圭秘鲁波多黎各^* 聖巴泰勒米^* 聖克里斯多福及尼維斯圣卢西亚法屬聖馬丁^* 圣皮埃尔和密克隆^* 圣文森特和格林纳丁斯荷屬聖馬丁^* 南乔治亚和南桑威奇群岛^* 蘇利南千里達及托巴哥特克斯和凯科斯群岛^* 美國美国本土外小岛屿^* 美屬維爾京群島^* 烏拉圭委內瑞拉
亞洲	阿富汗亞美尼亞阿鲁纳恰尔邦^† 阿塞拜疆巴林孟加拉國不丹英屬印度洋領地^* 汶莱柬埔寨中國科科斯（基林）群島^* 塞浦路斯東帝汶埃及格鲁吉亚共和国香港^* 印度印度尼西亚伊朗伊拉克以色列日本約旦哈萨克斯坦科威特吉尔吉斯斯坦老撾黎巴嫩澳門^* 馬來西亞馬爾代夫蒙古國緬甸尼泊爾朝鮮民主主義人民共和國阿曼巴基斯坦巴勒斯坦^† 菲律賓卡塔尔俄罗斯沙特阿拉伯新加坡大韩民国斯里蘭卡敘利亞中華民國^† 塔吉克斯坦泰國土耳其土庫曼斯坦阿拉伯联合酋长国乌兹别克斯坦越南也门
欧洲	阿布哈茲^† 亞克羅提利與德凱利亞^* 阿爾巴尼亞安道尔亞美尼亞阿尔察赫共和国^† 奧地利阿塞拜疆白俄羅斯比利時波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那保加利亚克羅地亞塞浦路斯捷克丹麥愛沙尼亞法罗群岛^* 芬蘭法國格鲁吉亚共和国德國直布羅陀^* 希腊根西^* 匈牙利冰島愛爾蘭共和國马恩岛^* 意大利澤西^* 哈萨克斯坦科索沃^† 拉脫維亞列支敦斯登立陶宛卢森堡馬耳他摩爾多瓦摩納哥蒙特內哥羅荷蘭北马其顿挪威波蘭葡萄牙羅馬尼亞俄罗斯圣马力诺塞爾維亞斯洛伐克斯洛文尼亞南奥塞梯^† 西班牙瑞典瑞士德涅斯特河沿岸^† 土耳其北賽普勒斯土耳其共和國^† 烏克蘭英国賽普勒斯聯合國緩衝區^* 梵蒂岡城國
大洋洲	美屬薩摩亞^* 澳大利亚库克群岛^* 密克罗尼西亚联邦斐濟法屬玻里尼西亞^* 關島^* 夏威夷州^* 吉里巴斯馬紹爾群島瑙鲁新喀里多尼亞^* 新西兰紐埃^* 诺福克岛^* 北马里亚纳群岛^* 帛琉巴布亚新几内亚皮特凯恩群岛^* 萨摩亚所罗门群岛托克劳^* 東加吐瓦魯美国本土外小岛屿^* 萬那杜瓦利斯和富圖納^*
其他	安第斯共同体^* 南极洲^* 英國海外領土^* 捷克斯洛伐克^* 歐洲聯盟^* 法属南部和南极领地^* 但澤自由市^* 满洲国^* 奥斯曼帝国^* 法国海外部分^* 蘇聯^* 联合国^* 汪精卫国民政府^* 南斯拉夫^*
^*‌其他地区，例如属地、联邦、曾经的国家^†‌有限国际承认

Commons:Government works/zh

Contents

Sample rules

澳大利亚

巴西

哥斯达黎加

冰島

意大利

吉里巴斯

馬耳他

墨西哥

瑙鲁

新西兰

菲律賓

新加坡

苏丹

吐瓦魯

參見

References

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Commons:Government works/zh

Sample rules

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