User:Coldstreamer20/Viscounts of Marsan

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Template:Infobox hereditary titleThe viscounts of Marsan constitute a title attached, from the end of the 10th century, to the small Viscounty of Marsan in Gascony, on the basin of Douze and Midou.

Viscounts of Marsan

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The origin of the first locally powerful family of Marsan is the subject of two hypotheses. The best known, but also the most contested, dates from the beginning of the 20th century. It suggests that the first viscounts of Marsan came from the dynasty of the Dukes of Gascony. The viscountcy would have been the fief granted to Ezi-Sanche, seventh child of Sanche III Garcia of Gascony, who would thus have become the first viscount of Marsan.[1]

A more recent thesis is oriented towards the idea that the first Viscount of Marsan would be a large landowner, on whom the Duke of Gascony would have liked to rely at the end of the 10th century to strengthen his control over the region.[1]

The lordship was initially centered on the Château de Marsan and the Château de Foix in Roquefort, before the founding of Mont-de-Marsan, which then became its political and economic center.[1]

Marsan Family

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Comminges Family

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Matha Family

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Moncade Family

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House of Foix-Grailly

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Following the death of Margeurite de Moncade, the title became part of the Count of Foix's title until 1589. It also followed the successive dynasties which succeeded one another in its possession until the Bourbons.

  • Gaston I [Gaston de Foix-Béarn] (1310 – 13 December 1315): Count of Foix, Co-Prince of Andorra, Viscount of Béarn, Viscount of Castelbon, and Viscount of Marsan
  • Gaston II [Gaston de Foix-Béarn] (13 December 1315 – 26 September 1343): Count of Foix, Co-Prince of Andorra, Viscount of Béarn, Viscount of Castelbon, and Viscount of Marsan
  • Gaston III [Gaston de Foix-Béarn] (26 September 1343 – 1 August 1391): Count of Foix, Co-Prince of Andorra, Viscount of Marsan, and Viscount of Béarn
  • Mathieu [Mathieu de Foix-Castelbon] (1 August 1391 – August 1398): Count of Foix, Co-Prince of Andorra, Viscount of Béarn, Viscount of Castelbon, and Viscount of Marsan
  • Archambaud [Archambaud de Grailly] (August 1398 – 1412): Count of Foix, Co-Prince and Viguier of Andorra, Viscount of Béarn, Viscount of Castelbon, Viscount of Marsan, and Captal de Buch
  • Jean I [Jean de Foix-Grailly] (1412 – 4 May 1436): Count of Foix, Count of Bigorre, Co-Prince and Viguier of Andorra, Viscount of Béarn, Viscount of Castelbon, Viscount of Marsan, Baron of Auterive and Captal de Buch
  • Gaston IV [Gaston de Foix-Grailly] (4 May 1436 – 25 July 1472): Count of Foix, Count of Bigorre, Co-Prince and Viguier of Andorra, Viscount of Béarn, Viscount of Marsan, Viscount of Castelbon, Viscount of Nébouzan, Viscount of Villemur, Viscount of Lautrec, and Viscount of Narbonne

From 12 February 1479, the title of 'Viscount of Marsan' became part of the title of the King of Navarre.

  • François Phoebus [François-Phébus de Foix-Grailly] (25 July 1472 – 30 January 1483): King of Navarre, Co-Prince and Vigeuir of Andorra, Viscount of Béarn and Lord of Donezan, Count of Foix, Count of Bigorre, Viscount of Marsan, Viscount of Tursan, Viscount of Gabardan, Viscount of Nébouzan, Viscount of Castelbon, Viscount of Narbonne, Viscount of Lautrec, and Viscount of Candale
  • Catherine of Navarre [Catherine de Foix-Grailly] (7 January 1483 – 12 February 1517): Queen of Navarre, etc.
  • Henry II of Navarre [Henri d'Albret] (12 February 1517 – 25 May 1555): King of Navarre, etc.
  • Jeanne III of Navarre [Jeanne d'Albret] (25 May 1555 – 9 June 1572): Queen of Navarre, etc.

Following the coronation of Henry III of Navarre as Henry IV of France, the title became part of the House of Bourbon and subsequently the 'House of France', another words becoming part of the Royal domain.

House of Bourbon

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In 1607, the Viscounty of Marsan became a part of the County of Armagnac. In 1646, King Louis XIV granted the title of Count of Armagnac (and with it the Viscounty to Henri de Lorraine).

House of Lorraine

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  • Henry of Lorraine [Henri de Lorraine] (1646 – 25 July 1666): Count of Armagnac, Count of Harcourt, Count of Charny, Count of Brionne, and Viscount of Pagny

Counts of Marsan

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Following the death of Henry of Lorraine, the passed to the cadets of the House of Guise, a branch of the counts of Armangac. From this point, the viscounty was raised to a county and the title followed, becoming 'Count of Marsan'. From this point, the title of 'Viscount of Marsan' was granted to the son of the incumbent count.

House of Lorraine

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  • Charles of Lorraine [Charles de Lorraine] (8 April 1648 – 13 November 1708): Prince of Mortagne and Lord of Pons
  • Charles Louis of Lorraine [Charles-Louis de Lorraine] (21 October 1696 – 2 November 1755): Prince of Mortagne and Lord of Pons
  • Gaston of Lorraine [Gaston de Loraine] (7 February 1721 – 2 May 1743)
  • Camille Louis of Lorraine [Camille-Louis de Lorraine] (18 December 1725 – 12 April 1780): Prince of Puyguilhem and Count of Pontgibault

Following the death of Camille-Louis de Lorraine, the title was abolished with the end of the House of Guise.

Notes

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  1. ↑ a b c JM Fritz, Thèse de doctorat soutenue en décembre 2001 à Bordeaux 3 : Histoire, peuplement et occupation du sol de la vicomté de Marsan des origines au rattachement à la Couronne de France en 1607.

References

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