File:ZABUDOWA NIEPOŁOMIC, fot. M. Klag (MIK, 2000) (3532438788).jpg
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[edit]DescriptionZABUDOWA NIEPOŁOMIC, fot. M. Klag (MIK, 2000) (3532438788).jpg |
II Małopolskie Dni Dziedzictwa Kulturowego, wrzesień 2000 Położone niedaleko Krakowa, na skraju Puszczy Niepołomickiej, miasto Niepołomice zasłynęło w ostatnich latach sukcesami w sferze inwestycji i gospodarności oraz ze względu na dbałość, jaką otoczono miejscowe obiekty zabytkowe. Osada Niepołomice powstała w XIV w., równocześnie z królewskimi fundacjami Kazimierza Wielkiego – kościołem i zamkiem. Pełniła ona funkcje służebne dla zamku i przebywającego w nim dworu. Król nadawał tutejsze grunty dworzanom i urzędnikom, co spowodowało, że Niepołomice uzyskały wkrótce charakter niewielkiego miasteczka. Po połowie XVII w., kiedy stolicę przeniesiono z Krakowa do Warszawy, Niepołomice podupadły, a dzieła zniszczenia dopełniła armia szwedzka. Po rozbiorach Niepołomice znalazły się tuż przy granicy zaborów. Powstały wówczas austriackie posterunki celne i graniczne, rozwinęła się sieć komunikacyjna i handlowa. Zaczęto tutaj lokować urzędy i placówki administracji państwowej, osadzono znaczną liczbę wojska. W połowie XVIII w. Niepołomicom nadano prawa miejskie. W okresie międzywojennym austriackie budynki wojskowe wykorzystano na bazę pociągów pancernych, a po II wojnie umieszczono tu jednostkę powietrzno-desantową. Najważniejszymi i najbardziej charakterystycznymi punktami miasta, które jednocześnie organizują jego przestrzeń, są: centralnie położony rynek, monumentalna bryła renesansowego zamku oraz gotycki kościół parafialny. Ważną rolę w krajobrazie miasta pełni neogotycki ratusz powstały ok. 1903 r. według projektu znanego architekta Jana Sas-Zubrzyckiego. Na zewnątrz zdobią go schodkowe szczyty i narożna wieża, a wnętrza – malowane przedstawienia fundatorów niepołomickiej fary. Sas-Zubrzycki zaprojektował także tutejszą kaplicę cmentarną, zbudowaną w tym samym czasie co ratusz. W Niepołomicach wzniesiono wówczas także nieodzowne w funkcjonowaniu galicyjskiego miasta budynki użyteczności publicznej: siedzibę „Sokoła” oraz Miejskiej Kasy. Zabudowa otaczająca niepołomicki rynek to w większości parterowe lub piętrowe domy o skromnych dekoracjach. Przy ulicach miasta można zobaczyć parterowe, drewniane domy z podcieniami lub z niezwykle malowniczymi ganeczkami zdobionymi wycinaną, „laubzegową” dekoracją, nawiązującą do wzorów architektury uzdrowiskowej. Ciekawostką są relikty wiślanego portu zimowego w dawnym zakolu rzeki, odcięte dziś od jej głównego koryta nowymi wałami. --- Historic Architecture of Niepołomice In recent years, the town of Niepołomice in the vicinity of Kraków, on the edge of the Niepołomice Forest, has become famous for its investment and economic success coupled with the attention given by the local authorities to the protection of the local historic monuments. Niepołomice was founded in the 14th century as part of King Casimir the Great’s (Kazimierz Wielki) plans, which included also a church and a castle. The village served as an ancillary colony meant to provide services to the castle, its inhabitants and visitors whose number included the king and his court. The king granted local lands to his courtiers and officers. This resulted in the rapid development of Niepołomice which soon grew into a small town. In the second half of the 17th century, when the capital of Poland was relocated from Kraków to Warsaw, Niepołomice declined in importance, and after it was devastated by the Swedish army, the town deteriorated. After the partition of Poland, Niepołomice was situated close to the new border. Austrian customs offices were stationed here, and a communication and trade network started to develop in the area. The town became the base for offices and branches of state authorities as well as the troops of the Austrian army. In the middle of the 18th century, Niepołomice was granted town rights. Between the two world wars, the Austrian army barracks was used as a base for armoured trains, and after the second world war, they became quarters for parachute troops. The most important and characteristic elements of the town, which determine its layout, include the central square with the castle at one end, and the church at the other, as well as the town hall. The medieval parish church, the Renaissance castle and the neo-Gothic town hall are indeed the key elements of the townscape. The city hall was built around 1903 according to the design of Jan Sas-Zubrzycki, with characteristic crow-step gables and a corner tower. Its interiors are decorated with the portraits of the founders of the local parish church. Sas-Zubrzycki also designed the cemetery chapel built at the same time as the town hall. Niepołomice, just like all the other towns of the historical region of Galicia, housed typical public buildings such as the quarters of the Sokół Association and the Municipal Fund, but these do not stand out from typical town development. The housing development of Niepołomice consists mainly of modestly decorated one- or twostorey buildings (the latter are more recent). These archetypal vernacular houses surround the market square. The houses to be typically found on the streets of Niepołomice are onestorey wooden buildings with arcades or very picturesque porches decorated with cut, “jigsaw” style decorations, typical of spa resorts. Also noteworthy are the remnants of the winter haven in the former bend of the Vistula, separated from the main riverbed by a new embankment. (<a href="http://www.dnidziedzictwa.pl/" rel="noreferrer nofollow">www.dnidziedzictwa.pl</a>) |
Date | 15 May 2009, 01:44 (upload date) |
Source | ZABUDOWA NIEPOŁOMIC, fot. M. Klag (MIK, 2000) |
Author | mik Krakow |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by Małopolski Instytut Kultury at https://flickr.com/photos/33122810@N02/3532438788. It was reviewed on 22 June 2020 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-sa-2.0. |
22 June 2020
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Camera manufacturer | OLYMPUS OPTICAL CO.,LTD |
Camera model | C4040Z |
Exposure time | 1/400 sec (0.0025) |
F-number | f/9 |
ISO speed rating | 100 |
Date and time of data generation | Unknown date |
Lens focal length | 9.5 mm |
Orientation | Normal |
Horizontal resolution | 300 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 300 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop CS Macintosh |
File change date and time | 01:14, 15 May 2009 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exposure Program | Normal program |
Exif version | 2.1 |
Date and time of digitizing | Unknown date |
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Image compression mode | 2 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 2 APEX (f/2) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Light source | Unknown |
Flash | Flash did not fire |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
File source | Digital still camera |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Image width | 2,363 px |
Image height | 1,772 px |
Date metadata was last modified | 03:14, 15 May 2009 |
IIM version | 2 |