File:The structure and classification of birds (1898) (14749309802).jpg

Identifier: structureclassif00bedd (find matches)
Title: The structure and classification of birds
Year: 1898 (1890s)
Authors: Beddard, Frank E. (Frank Evers), 1858-1925
Subjects: Birds -- Anatomy Birds
Publisher: London New York (etc.) Longmans, Green, and co.
Contributing Library: MBLWHOI Library
Digitizing Sponsor: MBLWHOI Library

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oratedflexors in the way inwhich, as has beenalready described, it oc-curs in birds which havethis ambiens rudiment.In the second case therewas an ambiens abovethe knee, but it becamelost upon the fascia ofthe knee, and not con-nected with the ambiensrudiment springing fromthe fibula, which wasthere present. So inthis bird there are manystages in the reductionof this characteristicmuscle, which is clearlyin them on the wane. It is apparently therule among birds forthere to be a viiiculum between the two superficial flexors of digit III. This slipis wanting in Opisthocomus, as it is, according to MITCHELL,in Asia otus and Rhytidiceros plicatns. The deep flexortendons are connected by a strong viiiculum. The syrinx has been described by GAEEOD and myself.The accompanying figure is from GAREODS paper. Thelast few rings of the trachea are solidified into a tracheal box,and the intrinsic muscles do not reach this box, being onlycontinued 011 to it by a ligarnentous continuation. There is u
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FIG. 142. — SYRINX OF Opisthocomus.VIEW. (AFTER GARROD.) FRONT 290 STRUCTURE AND CLASSIFICATION OF BIRDS some variation in the number of rings which coalesce to formthe box, while the fibrous continuation of the intrinsic musclesmay reach the first bronchial semi-ring. This muscle isevidently decaying in Opisthocomus. GALLI Definition.—Quintocubital birds with, an aftershaft. Muscles of leggenerally ABXY + . Expansor secundariorum present. Entepi-condylo-ulnaris present. Caeca large ; a crop present. Skullschizognathous, holorhinal, with sessile basipterygoid processes.Palatines without internal lamina. This very large group of birds, universal in range, showsa considerable amount of structural variation. The oil gland is generally tufted;- but it is nude in theMegapodes and absent altogether in Argus. The pterylosis of the Galli is, according to NITZSCH,singularly uniform. He figures Gallus bankiva, Pavocristatus, and Meleagris gallo-pavo, describing also a fewother types. There

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