File:The endemic diseases of the southern states (1916) (14591318169).jpg

Identifier: endemicdiseaseso00dead (find matches)
Title: The endemic diseases of the southern states
Year: 1916 (1910s)
Authors: Deaderick, William H. (William Heiskell), b. 1876 Thompson, Loyd Oscar, b. 1882
Subjects: Disease Outbreaks
Publisher: Philadelphia and London, W. B. Saunders company
Contributing Library: Columbia University Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Open Knowledge Commons

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ul whether thecommon German carp, on account of its feeding habits, is ofany use for this purpose. The tadpole is valueless for thedestruction of larvae. Ducks destroy many larvae. Thelarvae of the dragon fly, the water boatman and the hair wormdevour mosquito larvae. The natural enemies of adult mosquitoes are few and prac-tically insignificant. Dragon flies, night-hawks, whip-poor-wills, swallows, bats, and certain species of lizards destroy a l88 ENDEMIC DISEASES OF THE SOUTHERN STATES number and some are killed by parasitic mites and a smallsuctorial fly. An ideal prophylaxis destroys the breeding pools or theaquatic stages of mosquitoes, but remedies against the adultinsects are sometimes necessary. For this purpose a greatvariety of substances have been tried. One of the most primi-tive of measures is the smoldering fire of chips, rags, andfeathers, to be seen in summer twilight to the windward ofnearly every negro cabin. The most practical means are the fumes of burning sulphur
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Fig. 63.—Breeding pools on a rice farm. and of pyrethrum powder. The room to be fumigated shouldbe made as nearly air-tight as possible. Of sulphur, from 2 to 5 pounds should be used for every i ,000cubic feet of space. Its deleterious effect upon metals anddelicate fabrics limits its use somewhat. Sulphur dio.xidefumes have been found to be an excellent insecticide. The room should be kept closed for several hours to insurethe complete extermination of the insects. Pyrethrum powder may be burned in the proportion of a fewounces to a pound for each 1,000 cubic feet of space. The mosquitoes are suffocated by the fumes and must be swept upand destroyed. Formaldehyde has been tried and found wanting, but maybe effective when very large quantities are rapidly liberated ina tight room with few hiding places for the insects. The pulverized leaves and stems of the common jimson weed(Datura stramonium), mixed with saltpeter and burned inthe proportion of 5 ounces to 1,000 cubic feet of spac

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