File:The American Museum journal (c1900-(1918)) (17972307150).jpg

Title: The American Museum journal
Identifier: americanmuseumjo13amer (find matches)
Year: c1900-(1918) (c190s)
Authors: American Museum of Natural History
Subjects: Natural history
Publisher: New York : American Museum of Natural History
Contributing Library: American Museum of Natural History Library
Digitizing Sponsor: Biodiversity Heritage Library

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RUINS OF PREHISTORIC NEW MEXICO 73 miles to the northwest. The excavated ruins, such as Tanos and San Cris- tobal, are situated on these tributary streams and are arranged in such a way as to enclose a roughly oval stretch of territory about eight or ten miles in diameter — the Galisteo Basin. The ruins normally do not lie in the open basin, but immediately beyond its borders, a short distance .up the canons, penetrating the surrounding mesas and low-timbered hills. Vari- ous common sense reasons for the choice of site are usually apparent, such as shelter, the presence of building material, timber and water. Doubtless the element of defence against marauding enemies played a part although it is not clearly apparent in some cases.1 The Galisteo pueblos resemble those observed elsewhere in the Rio Grande drainage. They represent villages of the well-known communistic type, consisting of a series of buildings arranged at right angles in such a way as to form one or more enclosed courts or plazas. Within these enclosures are usually found traces of a circular and semi-subterranean structure, known as a kiva or estufa, and in fact a sort of underground house used in part for ceremonial pur- poses to the present day by the remaining Pueblo Indians along the Rio Grande. The ruins are those of large towns cov- ering an area from three to ten acres in extent and appearing to-day in the form of well-marked iidges representing col- lapsed two and three story houses, invariably covered with a heavy growth of cacti. Close to the ruins are usually found one or more refuse heaps made up of ashes, animal bones, lost and discarded as well as broken artifacts, and a large number of human Remains of Spanish mission church at Pueblo San burials. The sites are Cristobal. Built probably during the first half of the . _. seventeenth century and abandoned in 1680 characterized moreover
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i It should be stated also that four of the excavated pueblos are located on the large estate of Mr. B. F. Pankey of Santa Fe, to whose generous treatment the expedition owes much.

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