File:Stigmaria (fossil tree root) (lower Pottsville Group, Lower Pennsylvanian; Jackson North roadcut, Ohio, USA) 2 (41014394091).jpg
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[edit]DescriptionStigmaria (fossil tree root) (lower Pottsville Group, Lower Pennsylvanian; Jackson North roadcut, Ohio, USA) 2 (41014394091).jpg |
Stigmaria fossil root from the Pennsylvanian of Ohio, USA. Plants are multicellular, photosynthetic eucaryotes. The oldest known land plant body fossils are Silurian in age. Fossil root traces of land plants are known back in the Ordovician. The Devonian was the key time interval during which land plants flourished and Earth experienced its first “greening” of the land. The earliest land plants were small and simple and probably remained close to bodies of water. By the Late Devonian, land plants had evolved large, tree-sized bodies and the first-ever forests appeared. Shown above is Stigmaria, which is a form genus for the roots of large arborescent lycopods (= scale trees) common during the Pennsylvanian ("Age of Coal Swamps"). Stigmaria is distinctive in having a cylindrical shape (if not compressed and distorted) and numerous pits. Classification: Plantae, Lycophyta, Lepidodendrales, Lepidodendraceae Stratigraphy: sandstone above carbonaceous shale above the "Sharon" Conglomerate, lower Pottsville Group, Lower Pennsylvanian Locality: Jackson North Outcrop - roadcut along the southwestern side of Rt. 35, immediately southeast of the Rt. 35-Lloyds Bridge Road intersection (the northwestern intersection - there are two of them), north of the town of Jackson, northwest-central Jackson County, southern Ohio, USA (39° 06’ 32.94” North latitude, 82° 40’ 39.99” West longitude) |
Date | |
Source | Stigmaria (fossil tree root) (lower Pottsville Group, Lower Pennsylvanian; Jackson North roadcut, Ohio, USA) 2 |
Author | James St. John |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by James St. John at https://flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/41014394091 (archive). It was reviewed on 8 October 2019 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
8 October 2019
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current | 12:09, 8 October 2019 | 3,247 × 1,881 (5.43 MB) | Ser Amantio di Nicolao (talk | contribs) | Transferred from Flickr via #flickr2commons |
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Camera manufacturer | Canon |
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Camera model | Canon PowerShot D10 |
Exposure time | 1/320 sec (0.003125) |
F-number | f/8 |
ISO speed rating | 80 |
Date and time of data generation | 15:18, 10 March 2018 |
Lens focal length | 6.2 mm |
Image title | |
Width | 4,000 px |
Height | 3,000 px |
Bits per component |
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Pixel composition | RGB |
Orientation | Normal |
Number of components | 3 |
Horizontal resolution | 180 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 180 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop Elements 13.0 (Macintosh) |
File change date and time | 14:46, 25 March 2018 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Date and time of digitizing | 15:18, 10 March 2018 |
Meaning of each component |
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Image compression mode | 3 |
APEX shutter speed | 8.3125 |
APEX aperture | 6 |
APEX exposure bias | −0.66666666666667 |
Maximum land aperture | 2.96875 APEX (f/2.8) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Flash | Flash did not fire, auto mode |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
Focal plane X resolution | 16,460.905349794 |
Focal plane Y resolution | 16,483.516483516 |
Focal plane resolution unit | inches |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Manual exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Scene capture type | Portrait |
Lens used | 6.2-18.6 mm |
Date metadata was last modified | 10:46, 25 March 2018 |
Unique ID of original document | 74B2F348E5564391772170C26B113F03 |
IIM version | 29,735 |