File:Soda straw stalactites (Shenandoah Caverns, Quicksburg, Virginia, USA) 2.jpg

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English: Broken soda straw stalactites from a cave in Virginia, USA. (public display, Shenandoah Caverns visitor center, Quicksburg, Virginia, USA)

"Cave formations" in caves are technically called speleothem. Most speleothem is composed of travertine, a crystalline-textured chemical sedimentary rock composed of calcite (CaCO3). Travertine forms in most caves and at some springs by precipitation of crystals from water. Pure travertine is white. The brownish color seen in the travertine shown above is from iron oxide. Travertine speleothem occurs in a wide variety of forms. The most common variety is dripstone, which forms by the action of dripping water - examples include stalactites, stalagmites, columns, and draperies. The second most common variety is flowstone, which forms from flowing films of water. Flowstone has the appearance of a frozen waterfalls.

Shown above are broken soda straw stalactites, a type of dripstone. Soda straws are slender, cylindrical dripstone structures attached to cave ceilings or upper walls.

Shenandoah Caverns is developed in structurally tilted carbonates of the Conococheague Formation (Upper Cambrian).

Locality: Shenandoah Caverns, Quicksburg, southern Shenandoah County, northern Virginia, USA
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Source https://www.flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/30384407004/
Author James St. John

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This image was originally posted to Flickr by James St. John at https://flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/30384407004. It was reviewed on 22 February 2023 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0.

22 February 2023

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