File:Quartz-barite-calcite geode (Rt. 37 roadcut, Harrodsburg, Indiana, USA) (33656807910).jpg
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[edit]DescriptionQuartz-barite-calcite geode (Rt. 37 roadcut, Harrodsburg, Indiana, USA) (33656807910).jpg |
Geode from Indiana, USA. Shown above is the interior of a geode. Geodes are small to large, subspherical to irregularly-shaped, crystal-lined cavities in rocks. They form when water enters a void in a host rock and precipitates crystals. The most common geode-lining mineral is quartz. This geode has whitish/clearish quartz, plus calcite and barite (= various yellowish colors). Calcite is CaCO3 - calcium carbonate. Barite is BaSO4 - barium sulfate. Geode info. from the Field Museum of Natural History (Chicago, Illinois, USA): "Geodes are hollow, subspherical bodies, ranging from an inch or two to a foot or more in diameter. Most geodes occur in limestones, rarely in shales. They have an outer chalcedonic silica layer which is separated from the enclosing limestone matrix by a thin clay film. The inner surface of the chalcedonic layer is usually lined with inward projecting quartz crystals, though in many geodes drusy coatings of calcite and dolomite occur commonly. Of less common occurrence, are crystals of magnetite, pyrite, sphalerite, and a few other such minor and rarer constituents. The mode of origin of geodes in sedimentary rocks is but imperfectly understood. That geodes originate in an initial cavity, such as the unfilled space within a fossil, is well recognized, but whether such a cavity is a necessary prerequisite is open to question; geodes may originate in cavities formed by solution. Many geodes show evidence of expansion, apparently resulting from pressure. A notable example of this singular phenomenon of expansion of the growing geodes is the "exploding bomb" structure. " Locality: Rt. 37 roadcut, at or near the town of Harrodsburg, southern Indiana, USA |
Date | |
Source | Quartz-barite-calcite geode (Rt. 37 roadcut, Harrodsburg, Indiana, USA) |
Author | James St. John |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by James St. John at https://flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/33656807910 (archive). It was reviewed on 7 December 2019 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
7 December 2019
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Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
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current | 18:42, 7 December 2019 | 3,008 × 2,553 (3.74 MB) | Ser Amantio di Nicolao (talk | contribs) | Transferred from Flickr via #flickr2commons |
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Camera manufacturer | Canon |
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F-number | f/11 |
ISO speed rating | 80 |
Date and time of data generation | 13:37, 8 April 2017 |
Lens focal length | 11.614 mm |
Image title | |
Width | 4,000 px |
Height | 3,000 px |
Bits per component |
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Pixel composition | RGB |
Orientation | Normal |
Number of components | 3 |
Horizontal resolution | 180 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 180 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop Elements 13.0 (Macintosh) |
File change date and time | 20:51, 14 April 2017 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Date and time of digitizing | 13:37, 8 April 2017 |
Meaning of each component |
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Image compression mode | 3 |
APEX shutter speed | 5.90625 |
APEX aperture | 6.90625 |
APEX exposure bias | −0.66666666666667 |
Maximum land aperture | 4 APEX (f/4) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Flash | Flash fired, compulsory flash firing, red-eye reduction mode |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
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Focal plane resolution unit | inches |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Manual exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Scene capture type | Portrait |
Lens used | 6.2-18.6 mm |
Date metadata was last modified | 16:51, 14 April 2017 |
Unique ID of original document | DC3146C4E251A2463399D198CEE37AE8 |