File:Overhanging Cliff Flow, Junction Butte Basalt, Yellowstone National Park.jpg

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Basalt lava flow in the Pliocene of Wyoming, USA.

This is a famous outcrop of a thick basalt lava flow in the northeastern portion of Yellowstone National Park. The lowest part of the flow has nice, regularly-spaced, vertical fractures. Eroded, detached blocks from this layer show that it is composed of hexagonal columns. This is columnar jointing, formed by cooling, solidification, and slight contraction of molten lava into basalt rock. A columnar-jointed lower portion of a lava flow is called the lower colonnade. A thick layer overlies the lower colonnade - it is part of the same basalt lava flow. The regular columnar jointing of the colonnade is absent in that unit. Instead, an irregular fracture pattern is present - this is called the entablature.

Stratigraphy: Overhanging Cliff Flow, Junction Butte Basalt, Upper Pliocene, 2.01-2.15 Ma

Locality: roadside exposure along Grand Loop Road just north of Tower Falls, northeastern Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, USA (44° 53' 49.06" North, 110° 23' 22.20" West)
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Source Lower colonnade & entablature of the Overhanging Cliff Flow (Junction Butte Basalt, Upper Pliocene, 2.01-2.15 Ma) (northeastern Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, USA) 1
Author James St. John

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This image was originally posted to Flickr by jsj1771 at https://flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/19836741962. It was reviewed on 23 July 2015 by FlickreviewR and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0.

23 July 2015

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current19:56, 23 July 2015Thumbnail for version as of 19:56, 23 July 20154,000 × 3,000 (4.05 MB)Tillman (talk | contribs)Transferred from Flickr via Flickr2Commons

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