File:Image from page 196 of "Bulletin" (1901).jpg

English: Title: ILLINOIS CACHE OF LANCEOLATE FLINT BLADES

Identifier: bulletin3011907smit Year: 1901 (1900s) Authors: Smithsonian Institution. Bureau of American Ethnology Subjects: Ethnology Publisher: Washington : G. P. O. Contributing Library: Smithsonian Libraries Digitizing Sponsor: Smithsonian Libraries

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Text Appearing Before Image: are associated with burials in mounds, 1 )ut in some cases they seem mereh' to have been buried in the ground or hidden among rocks. The largest deposit re- corded contained upward of 8,000 flint disks (^Nloorehead), a few exceed 5,000, .while those containing a smaller number are very numerous. It is probable that many of these caches of flaked stones are accumula- tions of incipient im- plements roughed out at the quarries and car- ried away for further specialization and use. But their occurrence with burials, the uni- formity of their shape, and the absence of more than the mostmeager traces of their utilization as implements or for the maki ng of implements, give rise to the conjecture thatthey were assembled and deposited for reasons dictated by superstition, that they were intended as memorials of important events, as monuments to departed chief- tains, as provision for requirements in the future world, or as offerings to the mys- terious powers or gods requiring this par- ticular kind of sacrifice. If in the nature of a sacrifice thev certainlv fulfilled all re- DiscoiDAL Flint Blade From A Cache of no specimens; [LLINOIS. (i-e)

Text Appearing After Image: CACHE OF LANCEOLATE FLINT BLADES quirements, for only those familiar with such work can know the vast labor in- volved in quarrying the stone from the massive strata, in shaping the refractory material, and in transporting the prod- uct to far distant points. In the Hope- well mound in Ohio large numbers of beautiful blades of obsidian, ob- tained i^robably from Mexico, had been cast upon a sacrificial altar and partially destroyed ]jy the great heat; usually, however, the deposits do not seem to have been subjected to the altar fires. See Mines and Quarries, Prohlexiatical ob- jects, Stone-vork. Consult Holmes in 15th Rep. B. A. E., 1897; Moorehead (1) Primitive Man in Ohio, pp. 190, 192, 1892, (2) in The Anti- quarian, I, 158, 1897; Seever, ibid., 142; Smith, ibid., 30; Snvder (1) in Smithson. Rep 1876, 1877, (2)'in Proc. A. A. A. S., XLii, 1894, (3) in The Archa?ologist, i, no. 10, 1893, (4) ibid., iii, pp. 109-113, 1895; Squier and Davis in Smithson. Cont., i, 1848; Wilson in Nat. Mus. Rep. 1897, 1899; and various brief notices in the archeological journals. (w. ii. n.) Caches.—See Receptacles, Storage and CacJies. Cachopostales. Mentioned by Orozco y Berra (Geog., 304, 1864), from a manu- script source, as a tribe living near the Pampoim who resided on Nueces r., Tex. Thev were possibly Coahuiltecan. Caohapostate.—PoweH'in 7tli Rep. B. A. E.. 69,1891. Caddehi ('head of the reedy place'). A rancheria, probably Cochimi,connected with Purisima (Cadegomo) mission, Lower California, in the 18th centurv.— Doc. Hist. Mex., 4th s., v, 190, 1857. Caddo (contracted from Kd^doliadiVcho, 'Caddo proper,' 'real Caddo,' a leading tribe in the Caddo confederacy, extended by the whites to include the confederacy). A confederacy of tribes belonging to the southern group of the Caddoan linguistic family. Their own name is Hasinai, 'our own folk.' See Kadohadacho. History.—According to tribal traditions the lower Red r. of Louisiana was the early home of the Caddo, from which they spread to the n., w., and s. Several of the lakes and streams connected with this river bear Caddo names, as do some of the counties and some of the towns which cover ancient village sites. Cabeza de Vaca and his companions in 1535-36 traversed a portion of the terri- tory occupied by the Caddo, and De Soto's expedition encounterefl some of the tribes of the confederacy in 1540-41, but tlie people did not become known until they were met by La Salle and his followers in 1687. At that time the Caddo villages were scattered along Red r. and its tributaries in what are now Louisiana and Arkansas, and also on the banks of the Sabine, Neches, Trinity, Brazos, and Colorado rs. in e. Texas. The Caddo were not the only occupants of this wide territory; other confederacies belonging to the same linguistic family also resided there. There were also frag- ments of still older confederacies of the same family, some of which still main- tained their separate existence, while others had joined the then powerful Hasinai. These various tribes and con- federacies were alternately allies and enemies of the Caddo. The native pop- ulation was so divided that at no time could it successfully resist the intruding white race. At an early date the Caddo ol)tained horses from the Spaniards through intermediate tribes; they learned to rear these animals, and traded with them as far n. as Illinois r. (Shea, Cath. Ch. in Col. Days, 559,1855).

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