File:ISS041-E-111072.JPG

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DescriptionISS041-E-111072.JPG	English: Astronauts aboard the International Space Station took this photograph of land fortifications along a 20-kilometer (12-mile) stretch of the Iraq-Iran border, near the coast of the Persian Gulf. Systems of large curved earthworks, circular gun emplacements, and straight connecting roads run parallel to the international border. First thought by the ISS team to be oil-pad installations, the strategic location of these formations along the international boundary made it easier to see these as patterns of military fortifications. This region of oil refining and exporting was the center of numerous military actions during the war in the 1980s, especially during the defense of the southern city of Basra. The similarity to oil-pad patterns is apparent in May 2006 astronaut photos of West Texas that you can see here and here. فارسی: فضانوردانی که در ایستگاه بین‌المللی فضایی (ISS) در حال رصد زمین هستند، صحنه‌‌هایی را در مرز ایران و عراق دیده‌اند که در بدو امر، میدان‌های نفتی تصور شده‌اند. در بررسی تصاویر ماهواره‌ای اما روشن شده که موضوع به سنگرها، راه‌های ارتباطی و مواضع سربازان عراقی در سال‌ها قبل در حوالی بصره مربوط می‌شود. با گذشت ۲۶ سال از خاتمه جنگ ایران و عراق، خطوط خاکریزها هنوز قابل رویت‌ هستند. آن‌چه در تصویر «ISS» به چشم می‌خورد، بازمانده تحرکات و تدارکات جبهه‌های جنگ ایران و عراق است و خاکریزهای نزدیک بصره احتمالا به عملیات «کربلای ۵» ربط دارند.
Date	7 November 2014, 11:00:10
Source	http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/DatabaseImages/ESC/large/ISS041/ISS041-E-111072.JPG
Author	ISS

Camera location	30° 54′ 00″ N, 47° 54′ 00″ E	View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMap	30.900000; 47.900000

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	This file is in the public domain in the United States because it was solely created by NASA. NASA copyright policy states that "NASA material is not protected by copyright unless noted". (See Template:PD-USGov, NASA copyright policy page or JPL Image Use Policy.)
	Warnings: Use of NASA logos, insignia and emblems is restricted per U.S. law 14 CFR 1221. The NASA website hosts a large number of images from the Soviet/Russian space agency, and other non-American space agencies. These are not necessarily in the public domain. Materials based on Hubble Space Telescope data may be copyrighted if they are not explicitly produced by the STScI.[1] See also {{PD-Hubble}} and {{Cc-Hubble}}. The SOHO (ESA & NASA) joint project implies that all materials created by its probe are copyrighted and require permission for commercial non-educational use. [2] Images featured on the Astronomy Picture of the Day (APOD) web site may be copyrighted. [3] The National Space Science Data Center (NSSDC) site has been known to host copyrighted content. Its photo gallery FAQ states that all of the images in the photo gallery are in the public domain "Unless otherwise noted."

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	Date/Time	Thumbnail	Dimensions	User	Comment
current	07:57, 8 February 2015		4,928 × 3,280 (1.43 MB)	Sunfyre (talk \| contribs)	User created page with UploadWizard

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- عملیات کربلای ۵

Metadata

This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong.

Camera manufacturer	NIKON CORPORATION
Camera model	NIKON D4
Exposure time	1/8,000 sec (0.000125)
F-number	f/5.6
ISO speed rating	1,600
Date and time of data generation	11:00, 7 November 2014
Lens focal length	800 mm
User comments	NASA 2071126 82.4F
Orientation	Normal
Horizontal resolution	300 dpi
Vertical resolution	300 dpi
Software used	Adobe Photoshop CC 2014 (Windows)
File change date and time	10:59, 7 November 2014
Exposure Program	Aperture priority
Exif version	2.21
Date and time of digitizing	11:00, 7 November 2014
APEX shutter speed	12.965784
APEX aperture	4.970854
APEX exposure bias	0
Maximum land aperture	5 APEX (f/5.66)
Metering mode	Pattern
Light source	Unknown
Flash	Flash did not fire
DateTime subseconds	90
DateTimeOriginal subseconds	90
DateTimeDigitized subseconds	90
Color space	sRGB
Focal plane X resolution	1,368.888885498
Focal plane Y resolution	1,368.888885498
Focal plane resolution unit	3
Sensing method	One-chip color area sensor
File source	Digital still camera
Scene type	A directly photographed image
Custom image processing	Normal process
Exposure mode	Auto exposure
White balance	Auto white balance
Digital zoom ratio	1
Focal length in 35 mm film	800 mm
Scene capture type	Standard
Scene control	High gain up
Contrast	Normal
Saturation	Normal
Sharpness	Normal
Subject distance range	Unknown
Serial number of camera	2071126
Lens used	800.0 mm f/5.6
Date metadata was last modified	04:59, 7 November 2014
Rating (out of 5)	0
Unique ID of original document	178CDAA324B1D1DD5CECD9DD8FE32F7F

File:ISS041-E-111072.JPG

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7 November 2014

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30°54'N, 47°54'E

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Nikon D4

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