File:How to know wild fruits; a guide to plants when not in flower by means of fruit and leaf (1905) (14579936930).jpg

Identifier: howtoknowwild00pete (find matches)
Title: How to know wild fruits; a guide to plants when not in flower by means of fruit and leaf
Year: 1905 (1900s)
Authors: Peterson, Maude Gridley, b. 1871
Subjects: Plants Fruit Leaves
Publisher: New York, Macmillan
Contributing Library: The LuEsther T Mertz Library, the New York Botanical Garden
Digitizing Sponsor: The LuEsther T Mertz Library, the New York Botanical Garden

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H SOLOMONS SEAL Polygonatum commutatum. Polygonatum giganteumLily-of-the-Valley Family Fruit. — This globular berry is also nearlyblack with a bloom. It is larger than the pre-cedmg, in keeping with the larger proportions ofthe species. The clusters vary in the number oftheir fruits from one to six. These grow onlong, stout, drooping stems from the leaf axils.The berry is three-celled, one cell sometimescontaining six seeds. August, September. Leaves. — The large leaves are ovate andpartly clasping. They are smooth throughout,rather darker green than the smaller species andsomewhat paler beneath. The yellow fall leavescontrast well with the dark berries. Flotvers. — The drooping jointed pedunclesbear two to eight large, greenish, bell-shapedflowers. June. The tall, stout stalks, sometimes seven feethigh, with their large, spreading, gracefullycmved leaves and the numerous nodding clustersof black balls are imposing additions to the floraof moist roadsides. They also abound along
Text Appearing After Image:
Smooth Solomons Seal (Polygonatum commutatum)160 BLACK OR DARK PURPLE 161 streams. The species grows as far west as theRocky Mountains. INDIAN CUCUMBER ROOTMedeola Virginian Lily-of-the-Valley Family Fruit. — The dark purple berries are borne atthe summit of the plant on upright stems.They are globular, usually three or four in num-ber, three-celled, and few-seeded. The mark ofthe style is at the tip. September. Leaves. — The leaves are in two whorls. Thelower whorl is borne about midway of the stemand consists of from five to nine obovate-lanceo-late leaflets, which are stemless, parallel-ribbed,and netted-veined. The upper whorl, at the topof the stem, is usually of three, occasionallymore, smaller ovate leaflets. Floivers. — The greenish yellow flowers areborne on drooping stems and are often nearlyhidden beneath the upper whorl of leaflets.They are like small lilies and have recurvedperianths, six recurved reddish stamens, andthree recurved stigmas. June. The flowers on thei

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