File:Gypsum roses (Ahumada Playa, Chihuahua, Mexico) 3 (32239163515).jpg
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| Description |
Gypsum ("gypsum roses" or "desert roses" or "selenite roses") from the upper Cenozoic of Mexico. (Left: 2.2 cm across; right: 2.3 cm across) A mineral is a naturally-occurring, solid, inorganic, crystalline substance having a fairly definite chemical composition and having fairly definite physical properties. At its simplest, a mineral is a naturally-occurring solid chemical. Currently, there are over 5500 named and described minerals - about 200 of them are common and about 20 of them are very common. Mineral classification is based on anion chemistry. Major categories of minerals are: elements, sulfides, oxides, halides, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates, and silicates. The sulfate minerals all have one or more sulfate anions (SO4 -2). Gypsum is a moderately common hydrous calcium sulfate mineral (CaSO4·2H2O). Gypsum has a nonmetallic luster, is usually clearish to whitish, is soft (H≡2), and rather fragile/brittle. Gypsum has 3 cleavage planes, one of which is well developed (“one good cleavage), and the other two are not well developed (“two poor cleavages”). Broken gypsum specimens are frequently thin plates - the consequence of the one good cleavage plane. Gypsum has economic value as a mineral. It is the starting ingredient for making plaster and wallboard. The Mexican specimens shown above represent a distinctive form of intergrown gypsum plates called "gypsum roses" or "desert roses". This material is sometimes called "selenite". "Selenite" is often perceived to be a macrocrystalline "variety" of gypsum, but it is not. Selenite is gypsum - it differs in no way from gypsum - it is gypsum. Use of the term "selenite" should be discouraged and is here considered an unnecessary objective junior synonym. The brown-colored material between the gypsum plates is siliciclastic sediment - mostly sand. The gypsum formed by evaporation of water in a desert lake. The whitish-colored edges of the gypsum plates are not natural. Specimens from this locality (see details below) are "flamed" with a torch to whiten the edges and to hide damage from mining. The original gypsum is clearish/colorless. Intense heat dehydrates the gypsum, turning it white. Locality: Ahumada Playa - old playa lake deposit north of the town of Ahumada, Samalayuca Desert, northern Chihuahua State, far-northern Mexico More info. on this locality: <a href="http://www.mindat.org/loc-180811.html" rel="noreferrer nofollow">www.mindat.org/loc-180811.html</a> Photo gallery of gypsum: <a href="http://www.mindat.org/gallery.php?min=1784" rel="noreferrer nofollow">www.mindat.org/gallery.php?min=1784</a> |
| Date | |
| Source | Gypsum roses (Ahumada Playa, Chihuahua, Mexico) 3 |
| Author | James St. John |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by James St. John at https://flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/32239163515 (archive). It was reviewed on 12 December 2019 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
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| Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| current | 13:13, 12 December 2019 | | 2,274 × 1,429 (2.05 MB) | Ser Amantio di Nicolao (talk | contribs) | Transferred from Flickr via #flickr2commons |
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