File:Epigenetic mechanisms-es.png
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Español: Los mecanismos epigenéticos se ven afectados por varios factores y procesos, como el desarrollo en el útero y en la infancia, las sustancias químicas ambientales, los fármacos y medicamentos, el envejecimiento y la dieta. La metilación del ADN es lo que ocurre cuando los grupos metilo, un factor epigenético presente en algunas fuentes dietéticas, pueden marcar el ADN y activar o reprimir genes. Las histonas son proteínas alrededor de las cuales puede enrollarse el ADN para su compactación y regulación génica. La modificación de las histonas se produce cuando la unión de factores epigenéticos a las "colas" de las histonas altera el grado en que el ADN se enrolla alrededor de las histonas y la disponibilidad de los genes en el ADN para ser activados. Todos estos factores y procesos pueden repercutir en la salud de las personas e influir en ella, pudiendo dar lugar a cáncer, enfermedades autoinmunes, trastornos mentales o diabetes, entre otras enfermedades. (Institutos Nacionales de Salud)
English: Epigenetic mechanisms are affected by several factors and processes including development in utero and in childhood, environmental chemicals, drugs and pharmaceuticals, aging, and diet. DNA methylation is what occurs when methyl groups, an epigenetic factor found in some dietary sources, can tag DNA and activate or repress genes. Histones are proteins around which DNA can wind for compaction and gene regulation. Histone modification occurs when the binding of epigenetic factors to histone “tails” alters the extent to which DNA is wrapped around histones and the availability of genes in the DNA to be activated. All of these factors and processes can have an effect on people’s health and influence their health possibly resulting in cancer, autoimmune disease, mental disorders, or diabetes among other illnesses. National Institutes of Health |
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National Institutes of Health
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