File:Elements of pathological anatomy (1845) (14802780413).jpg

Identifier: 62130990R.nlm.nih.gov
Title: Elements of pathological anatomy
Year: 1845 (1840s)
Authors: Gross, Samuel D. (Samuel David), 1805-1884
Subjects: Pathologic Processes
Publisher: Philadelphia : Ed. Barrington & Geo. D. Haswell
Contributing Library: U.S. National Library of Medicine
Digitizing Sponsor: Open Knowledge Commons, U.S. National Library of Medicine

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ond, whilst the smallest wasscarcely of the size of a pea. They were lined eachby a soft, vascular membrane, and the bony texturein the neighborhood was unnaturally hard and white.The subject was a female, forty-five years old, whofinally died of pulmonary phthisis. Abscesses of thiskind seldom attain any considerable magnitude:their contents are dark-colored, thin, and offensive ;and, if seated near the extremity of the bone, thematter usually manifests a tendency to work its wayinto the contiguous joint. In abscess the bone is sometimes expanded intoan immense shell, capable of holding several ounces,and constituting what was formerly called spina ven-tosa. Fig. 80 represents this appearance in a strikingdegree. Ulceration of the osseous tissue is most generallymet with in young persons, being rarely observed inthe adult or very aged. The disease, which isusually known under the name of caries, is preciselyanalogous to ulceration of the soft parts, the most prominent feature of each
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CARIES. 271 being a loss of substance through absorption. It is always preceded, as wellas accompanied, by inflammatory action, and may be owing either to localinjury or to constitutional causes, such as syphilis, scurvy, scrofula, or deficientnutrition. It may also result from the pressure of aneurismal tumors, or fromthe spread of malignant ulcers in the soft parts. Every part of the osseous system is liable to caries; but the pieces mostfrequently attacked are those which form the walls of the thorax and pelvis,the bones of the tarsus and carpus, the bones of the spine, and the heads of thecylindrical bones of the extremities, especially the lower. Various attempts have been made to arrange caries into different species, thedistinction being usually founded upon the appearances of the affected bone, orupon the nature of the exciting causes of the disease. Mr. Mayo, one of themost recent writers on the subject, states that there are four kinds of caries,—the simple, syphilitic, st

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