File:Death Valley National Park - Coyote Canyon - 51131042823.jpg
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Afrikaans: Death Valley- Nasionale Park is 'n Amerikaanse nasionale park, oos van die Sierra Nevada, wat die Nevada-Kaliforniese grens oorspan. Die parkgrense omsluit Death Valley, die noordelike deel van Panamint-vallei, die suidelike deel van Eureka-vallei en die oorgrote deel van Saline-vallei. Die park omvat 'n raakvlaksone tussen die dorre Groot Bekken en die Mojave-woestyn, en spesifiek die noordwestelike hoek van laasgenoemde. Dit beskerm 'n diverse omgewing van soutvlaktes, sandduine, erosielandskappe, valleie, ravyne en berge. Death Valley is die grootste nasionale park in die aaneenlopende Verenigde State, en die warmste, droogste en laagsgeleë van al die nasionale parke in die Verenigde State. Die tweede laagste punt in die Westelike Halfrond is in die Badwater Basin geleë, wat 282 voet (86 m) onder seevlak is. Ongeveer 91% van die park is 'n verklaarde wildernisgebied. Die park is die tuiste van baie spesies plante en diere wat by hierdie strawwe woestynomgewing aangepas het. Enkele voorbeelde sluit die kreosootbos, groothoringskaap, prairiewolf en die Death Valley-tandkarper in, laasgenoemde 'n oorlewende uit baie natter tye. UNESCO het Death Valley as die belangrikste element van sy Mojave- en Colorado-woestynbiosfeerreservaat in 1984 ingesluit.
'n Reeks inheemse Amerikaanse groepe het die gebied van so vroeg as 7000 v.C. bewoon, mees onlangs die Timbisja omstreeks 1000 n.C. wat tussen winterkampe in die valleie en somergronde in die berge migreer het. ’n Groep wit Amerikaners, wat in 1849 in die vallei vasgekeer was terwyl hulle ’n kortpad na die goudvelde van Kalifornië gesoek het, het die vallei sy naam gegee, al het slegs een van hul groep daar gesterf. Verskeie kortstondige opslagdorpe het gedurende die laat 19de en vroeë 20ste eeue ontstaan om goud en silwer te ontgin. Die enigste winsgewende erts wat langdurig ontgin is, was egter boraks wat met twintig muilspanne uit die vallei vervoer is. Die vallei het later die onderwerp van boeke, radioprogramme, televisiereekse en flieks geword. Toerisme het in die 1920's uitgebrei toe oorde rondom Stovepipe Wells en Furnace Creek gebou is. Death Valley Nasionale Monument is in 1933 verklaar en die park is aansienlik uitgebrei en het in 1994 'n nasionale park geword. Die natuurlike omgewing van die gebied word grootliks deur sy geologie bepaal. Die vallei is eintlik 'n graben met die oudste rotse wat omvattend gemetamorfoseer is en minstens 1,7 miljard jaar oud is. Antieke, warm, vlak seë het mariene sedimente gedeponeer totdat skeuring die Stille Oseaan oopgesper het. Bykomende sedimentasie het plaasgevind totdat 'n subduksiesone kuslangs gevorm is. Die subduksie het die streek uit die see opgelig en 'n ry vulkane geskep. Later het die kors uitmekaar begin trek, wat die huidige Basin en Range landvorme geskep het. Valleie is in droër tye met sediment ingevul en dan weer tydens natter glasiale periodes met mere bedek, waarvan Manlymeer 'n voorbeeld is. Bron: Wikipedia af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_Valley-_Nasionale_ParkEnglish: Death Valley National Park is an American national park that straddles the California–Nevada border, east of the Sierra Nevada. The park boundaries include Death Valley, the northern section of Panamint Valley, the southern section of Eureka Valley, and most of Saline Valley. The park occupies an interface zone between the arid Great Basin and Mojave deserts, protecting the northwest corner of the Mojave Desert and its diverse environment of salt-flats, sand dunes, badlands, valleys, canyons, and mountains. Death Valley is the largest national park in the contiguous United States, and the hottest, driest and lowest of all the national parks in the United States. The second-lowest point in the Western Hemisphere is in Badwater Basin, which is 282 feet (86 m) below sea level. Approximately 91% of the park is a designated wilderness area. The park is home to many species of plants and animals that have adapted to this harsh desert environment. Some examples include creosote bush, bighorn sheep, coyote, and the Death Valley pupfish, a survivor from much wetter times. UNESCO included Death Valley as the principal feature of its Mojave and Colorado Deserts Biosphere Reserve in 1984.
A series of Native American groups inhabited the area from as early as 7000 BC, most recently the Timbisha around 1000 AD who migrated between winter camps in the valleys and summer grounds in the mountains. A group of European Americans, trapped in the valley in 1849 while looking for a shortcut to the gold fields of California, gave the valley its name, even though only one of their group died there. Several short-lived boom towns sprang up during the late 19th and early 20th centuries to mine gold and silver. The only long-term profitable ore to be mined was borax, which was transported out of the valley with twenty-mule teams. The valley later became the subject of books, radio programs, television series, and movies. Tourism expanded in the 1920s when resorts were built around Stovepipe Wells and Furnace Creek. Death Valley National Monument was declared in 1933 and the park was substantially expanded and became a national park in 1994. The natural environment of the area has been shaped largely by its geology. The valley is actually a graben with the oldest rocks being extensively metamorphosed and at least 1.7 billion years old. Ancient, warm, shallow seas deposited marine sediments until rifting opened the Pacific Ocean. Additional sedimentation occurred until a subduction zone formed off the coast. The subduction uplifted the region out of the sea and created a line of volcanoes. Later the crust started to pull apart, creating the current Basin and Range landform. Valleys filled with sediment and, during the wet times of glacial periods, with lakes, such as Lake Manly. Source: Wikipedia en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_Valley_National_Park |
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| Source | https://www.flickr.com/photos/21874566@N07/51131042823/ |
| Author | RuggyBearLA |
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