File:Cross-bedded quartzose sandstone (Dundee Sandstone, Middle Pennsylvanian; cliffs along Walnut Creek Bottom Road, west of Dundee, Ohio, USA) 6 (23231337054).jpg
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[edit]DescriptionCross-bedded quartzose sandstone (Dundee Sandstone, Middle Pennsylvanian; cliffs along Walnut Creek Bottom Road, west of Dundee, Ohio, USA) 6 (23231337054).jpg |
Cross-bedded quartzose sandstone in the Pennsylvanian of Ohio, USA. The Pottsville Group is a Pennsylvanian-aged cyclothemic succession containing nonmarine shales, marine shales, siltstones, sandstones, coals, marine limestones, and chert ("flint"). The lower Pottsville dates to the late Early Pennsylvanian. The upper part dates to the early Middle Pennsylvanian. The Lower-Middle Pennsylvanian boundary is apparently somewhere near the Boggs Member (?). This is the Dundee Sandstone, a moderately thick unit of quartzose sandstone in the Pottsville Group. It is supposedly equivalent to the Massillon Sandstone. In places, the Dundee underlies the Lower Mercer Limestone. In other areas, it underlies the Upper Mercer Limestone. As are other cliff-forming sandstone units in the Upper Paleozoic of Ohio, the Dundee Sandstone is probably an incised valley-fill succession. It consists of about 50 to 70 feet of horizontally-bedded and cross-bedded sandstones. Honeycomb weathering is moderately common and iron banding ("Liesegang banding") is present. One layer rich in granules and pebbles was observed at this outcrop - it pinched out laterally. In addition to quartz, which is the dominant mineral, samples of Dundee Sandstone also contain small amounts of potassium feldspar, limonite, kaolinite, tourmaline, chlorite, zircon, titanite/sphene, and serpentine (Bownocker, 1921). The Dundee was quarried in the past for its quartz sand, which was melted down and used to make various grades of glass. The tilted bedding shown above is cross-bedding, which forms in a one-directional current by wind or water. Sands of the Dundee were deposited by water. Stratigraphy: Dundee Sandstone, Pottsville Group, lower Middle Pennsylvanian Locality: roadcut & huge talus blocks of sandstone on the northern side of Walnut Creek Bottom Road (= Tuscarawas County Road 94), west of the town of Dundee, Wayne Township, northwestern Tuscarawas County, northeastern Ohio, USA (40° 35’ 15.22” North latitude, 81° 38’ 49.58” West longitude) Reference cited: Bownocker (1921) - Steel molding sand in Ohio. Ohio Journal of Science 21: 249-266. |
Date | |
Source | Cross-bedded quartzose sandstone (Dundee Sandstone, Middle Pennsylvanian; cliffs along Walnut Creek Bottom Road, west of Dundee, Ohio, USA) 6 |
Author | James St. John |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by James St. John at https://flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/23231337054. It was reviewed on 24 June 2017 by FlickreviewR and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
24 June 2017
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current | 17:17, 24 June 2017 | 4,000 × 2,902 (3.98 MB) | Ser Amantio di Nicolao (talk | contribs) | Transferred from Flickr via Flickr2Commons |
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Camera manufacturer | Canon |
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ISO speed rating | 80 |
Date and time of data generation | 15:23, 31 October 2015 |
Lens focal length | 18.6 mm |
Image title | |
Width | 4,000 px |
Height | 3,000 px |
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Orientation | Normal |
Number of components | 3 |
Horizontal resolution | 180 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 180 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop Elements 13.0 (Macintosh) |
File change date and time | 23:04, 19 December 2015 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Date and time of digitizing | 15:23, 31 October 2015 |
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Image compression mode | 3 |
APEX shutter speed | 4.65625 |
APEX aperture | 4.59375 |
APEX exposure bias | −0.66666666666667 |
Maximum land aperture | 4.59375 APEX (f/4.91) |
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Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
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File source | Digital still camera |
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Exposure mode | Manual exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Scene capture type | Landscape |
Lens used | 6.2-18.6 mm |
Date metadata was last modified | 16:04, 19 December 2015 |
Unique ID of original document | 36C81907AEB13B5FA978EA17F67ADE66 |