File:Chinon (Indre-et-Loire) (21923720243).jpg
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[edit]DescriptionChinon (Indre-et-Loire) (21923720243).jpg |
Chinon (Indre-et-Loire) La forteresse royale de Chinon. La tour de Boissy. La forteresse royale est divisée en trois châteaux: Le château du Milieu, le fort du Coudray et le fort Saint Georges (actuellement détruit). La tour de Boissy fait partie du fort du Coudray construit au XIIe siècle. Au XIIIe siècle fut bâtie la grosse tour de Boissy, au plan en U, afin de renforcer l'angle sud-est du fort du Coudray. Cette tour dite d'abord « Tour du Beffroy », est rebaptisée au XVIe siècle en «Tour de Boisy», en raison des travaux qu’y fit faire le capitaine-gouverneur Claude Gouffier, seigneur de Boisy. Cette terre sise non loin de Roanne, a été spécialement érigée, pour les Gouffier, en duché-pairie le 3 avril 1518. On la trouve également orthographiée « Boisi ». M. Pépin dans son ouvrage Chinon, paru en 1936, l’orthographie Boisy ; progressivement, et pour une raison inconnue, elle devient «Tour de Boissy». En juin 1205, la forteresse de Chinon fut prise à Jean sans Terre par Philippe Auguste. On ne connaît pas l’étendue des dégâts, sans doute importants, causés par neuf mois de siège et de bombardements. Une brèche a peut-être été causée dans le front oriental du fort Saint-Georges et le vieux logis comtal a sans doute été incendié à cette occasion ( fouilles de 2004 -Dufaÿ et al. 2004) Dès la fin du siège, Rigord* signale que le roi « fit fortifier encore le château » (Vie de Philippe Auguste, éd. Guizot 1825 : 172). Les ingénieurs du roi parachevèrent les travaux de fortification, en portant une attention particulière aux accès, création de la porte des Champs, de la tour du Coudray, et en renforçant encore la ligne de défense, tour des Chiens, de l’Échauguette. Ce dispositif sera ultérieurement complété, par la tour de Boissy, permettant le contrôle de la vallée, sans doute pour redonner une meilleure visibilité sur la vallée de la Vienne, qui avait été occultée par la prolongation vers l’ouest des logis royaux. Le fort du Coudray prend donc son apparence définitive avec la construction de la tour de Boissy. La conception franchement gothique de sa principale salle la ferait dater des années 1230-1250, donc sous Saint-Louis. Le rempart le long de la douve du Coudray est chaîné à la tour de Boissy, dont il doit être contemporain. L'ancienne tour, de la fin du 12ème siècle, qui fermait l’angle sud-est du fort, bien trop rapprochée de la nouvelle tour de Boissy, disparut à ce moment. A cette époque, un lieu de culte se trouvait peut-être dans la tour de Boissy. Eugène Pépin* fait référence (mais sans citer ses sources) à des mentions de « tour de la chapelle Saint-Martin » pour qualifier la tour de Boissy (Pépin 1924 : 89-90 et 1967 : 53). Au rez-de-chaussée se trouve une salle de garde, dont les meurtrières contrôlent la vallée et la douve du Coudray. Un escalier dans l’épaisseur des murs dessert les deux étages et la terrasse. Celle-ci permet aussi d’accéder à la tour du Coudray, par l’intermédiaire d’un chemin de ronde. Au début du 15e siècle, d’importantes modifications sont effectuées. Grâce à une porte précédée d’un pont-levis, la tour devient accessible depuis les logis royaux, par un chemin de ronde. Un étage supplémentaire est également construit.
The tower of Boissy. The royal fortress is divided into three castles: Castle Middle, Fort du Coudray and Fort St. George (now destroyed). Boissy tower is part of the Fort du Coudray built in the twelfth century. In the thirteenth century was built the great tower of Boissy at U plan to strengthen the southeast corner of the fort of Coudray. This tower, called first "Beffroy Tour" was renamed in the sixteenth century "Tour de Boissy," because the work that was done Captain Claude Gouffier Governor, Lord of Boisy. This land located near Roanne, was transformed into a duchy-peerage, April 3, 1518, for Gouffier. It occurs also written "Boisi". Mr. Pépin, in his book, Chinon, published in 1936, the Boisy spells; gradually, and for some reason it becomes "Tour de Boissy." In June 1205, the fortress of Chinon was captured to John Lackland by Philip Augustus. It is not known the extent of damage, probably significant, resulting from nine months of siege and shelling. A hole may have been caused in the eastern part of Fort St George and the Count's old home was probably burned at that time (2004 excavations -Dufaÿ et al. 2004) By the end of the siege, Rigord* indicates that King "was still fortify the castle" (Life of Philippe Auguste, ed Guizot 1825. 172). King's engineers finish the fortification works with special attention to access, creation of the Porte des Champs, the tower of Coudray, and strengthening the defense still enclosure tower Dogs, of Échauguette. This system will later be completed by the tower of Boissy, allowing control of the valley, presumably to give greater visibility to the Vienne Valley, which had been occulted by the extension towards the west of the royal house. The fortress of Coudray and takes his final appearance with the construction of the tower of Boissy. The Gothic design of the main room would date from the years 1230-1250, so in St. Louis. The rampart along the moat of Coudray is linked to the tower of Boissy, which must be contemporary. The old tower, from the late 12th century, which closed the southeast corner of the fort, much too close to the new round of Boissy, disappeared at that time. At that time, a place of worship was perhaps in the tower of Boissy. Eugene Pepin* refers to references to "Tower of St. Martin Chapel" to describe the tower of Boissy (Pepin 1924: 89-90 and 1967: 53). On the ground floor there is a guardroom with arrow slits who control the valley and the moat Coudray. A staircase in the thickness of the walls serves the two floors and the terrace. It also provides access to the tower of Coudray, via rampart walk. In the early 15th century, significant changes are made. Through a door preceded by a drawbridge, the tower becomes accessible from the royal lodgings, with a rampart walk. An additional floor is built.
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Date | Taken on 21 October 2015, 10:33 |
Source | Chinon (Indre-et-Loire) |
Author | Daniel Jolivet |
Camera location | 47° 10′ 04.69″ N, 0° 14′ 07.16″ E | View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMap | 47.167969; 0.235322 |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by sybarite48 at https://flickr.com/photos/26082117@N07/21923720243 (archive). It was reviewed on 17 November 2017 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
17 November 2017
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Metadata
This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong.
Image title |
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Camera manufacturer | PENTAX |
Camera model | PENTAX K-5 II |
Author | JOLIVET Daniel |
Copyright holder |
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Exposure time | 1/125 sec (0.008) |
F-number | f/7.1 |
ISO speed rating | 100 |
Date and time of data generation | 10:33, 21 October 2015 |
Lens focal length | 18 mm |
Latitude | 47° 10′ 4.69″ N |
Longitude | 0° 14′ 7.16″ E |
Altitude | 95 meters above sea level |
Short title |
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Orientation | Normal |
Horizontal resolution | 300 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 300 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop Elements 9.0 Windows |
File change date and time | 17:16, 25 October 2015 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exposure Program | Shutter priority |
Exif version | 2.3 |
Date and time of digitizing | 10:33, 21 October 2015 |
Meaning of each component |
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APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Manual white balance |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 27 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Contrast | Normal |
Saturation | Normal |
Sharpness | Normal |
Subject distance range | Distant view |
GPS time (atomic clock) | 09:33 |
Satellites used for measurement | 07 |
Receiver status | Measurement in progress |
Measurement mode | 3-dimensional measurement |
Speed unit | Kilometers per hour |
Speed of GPS receiver | 0.12 |
Reference for direction of movement | True direction |
Direction of movement | 225.25 |
Reference for direction of image | True direction |
Direction of image | 288.32 |
Geodetic survey data used | WGS-84 |
GPS date | 21 October 2015 |
GPS tag version | 2.3.0.0 |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Image width | 4,928 px |
Image height | 3,264 px |
Unique ID of original document | uuid:faf5bdd5-ba3d-11da-ad31-d33d75182f1b |
Date metadata was last modified | 18:16, 25 October 2015 |
Copyright status | Copyright status not set |
Keywords |
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IIM version | 11,938 |