File:Caliche (Ash Hollow Formation, Miocene, ~10-12 Ma; Ashfall Fossil Beds, Nebraska, USA) 2.jpg

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English: Caliche from the Miocene of Nebraska, USA. (public display, Ashfall Fossil Beds State Historical Park, Nebraska, USA)

Caliche is an unusual type of paleosol (fossil soil). Modern soils and paleosols are highly variable in chemistry, appearance, and physical characteristics. Caliches (also known as calcretes and hardpans) are hard, calcium carbonate-rich crusts of pedogenic origin (some workers exclude the genetic portion of the definition).

From on-site signage:

Ledges of hard rock called caliche can be seen at several levels of the Ash Hollow Formation in Ashfall Park. Modern day caliches form in soils in semi-arid areas where sediment is accumulating very slowly and lime (calcium carbonate) concentrates to form a "hardpan" near the surface.

. . .

The climatic significance of these caliche beds is that they record periods of stability of the landscape and probably somewhat drier conditions than the ones prevailing at the time when the Ashfall waterhole was filling up with bones and volcanic ash.

Stratigraphy: undisclosed / unspecified (but likely from the Ash Hollow Formation, Ogallala Group, Miocene, ~10-12 Ma)

Locality: undisclosed / unspecified (but likely from Ashfall Fossil Beds State Historical Park, northeastern Nebraska, USA)
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Source https://www.flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/52289835843/
Author James St. John

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This image was originally posted to Flickr by James St. John at https://flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/52289835843. It was reviewed on 12 November 2022 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0.

12 November 2022

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current19:20, 12 November 2022Thumbnail for version as of 19:20, 12 November 20222,306 × 2,000 (3.52 MB)Ser Amantio di Nicolao (talk | contribs)Uploaded a work by James St. John from https://www.flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/52289835843/ with UploadWizard

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