File:Bulletin (Pennsylvania Department of Forestry), no. 11 (1901) (20476265946).jpg

Title: Bulletin (Pennsylvania Department of Forestry), no. 11
Identifier: bulletinpennsylv11pennx (find matches)
Year: 1901 (1900s)
Authors: Pennsylvania. Dept. of Forestry
Subjects: Forests and forestry
Publisher: Harrisburg, Pa. : The Department : WM. Stanley Ray, state printer of Pennsylvania
Contributing Library: Penn State University
Digitizing Sponsor: Lyrasis Members and Sloan Foundation

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PLATE XXXIX. BIG SHELL-BARK HICKORY .\ lliiwoi'iiig branch, x \. A liianch with fruit and a maliiie leaf, .\ I. o. A nut, X i. 4. Cross-sofliou uf a nut, .\ A. r». A winter twiy, x i. U. Tonniiial part uf a wiuter twig, sliylitly tiilaiytd. 7. A iiiil-sciir witb buntllti-bLurji, slightly eulari^'ed. 113 BIG SHELL-BARK HICKORY Carya laciniosa, (Michaux f.) Loudon FORM—Bi general it Is the same as the Shell-bark (Carya orata) except that It does not attain Ro large a diameter. "When grown in a dense forest its trunk is very long, clean, and slightly taperlnir. BARK—Same as Shell-bark Hickory (Carya ovata) or probably somewhat less shaggy. TWIGS—Stout, usually a little velvety or tomentose, buflf to nearly orange in color, covered with nnmeroiur rather Inconspicuous longitudinally-elongated lenticels; pith angular. BXTDS—Similar to those of the shell-bark (Carya ovata) except that they are a little larger and hare leM keeled and more hairy outer scales. LEAVES—Alternate, compound, with 7-9 leaflets, 10-22 Inches long. Leaflets diflTer in size; basal pair smallest, about i size of the terminal; the upper pair broadest between the middle and the apex. Leaflets sharp-pointed at apex, serrate on margin, tapering or rounded at base, thick, Arm, dark green and smooth above, pale green to brownish and hairy below. Leaf-stalks grooved, stout, smooth or hairy, thickened at base, often persist for a long time. LEAF-SCARS—Alternate, more than 2-ranked, large, conspicuous, somewhat raised, heart-shaprd or 3-lobed or inversely triangular or sometimes elliptical, containing numerous conspicuous bundle- scars which are distributed irregularly, grouped in 3 clusters or arranged in a curved line, FLOWERS—Similar to those of Shell-bark Hickory (Carya ovata). See page 112. FRTJIT—Ovoid or broadly-oblong. 4-ribbed above the middle, covered with very thick husk which splits readily to the base. Nut dull white or yellowish, thick-walled, usually strongly pointed at both ends, containing a sweet, light brown and deeply lobed kernel. WOOI>—fflmllar to that of the Shell-bark (Carya ovata), see page 112. manufacturers cannot distinguish between wood of Ihe two species. Lumbermen do not and DISTINOTTISHIKa CHARACTERISTICS—The Big Shell-bark Hickory, also known as Shag-bnrk Hickory and King Nut, is most closely related to the Shell-bark Hickory (Carya ovata). It can best be distinguished by its dull white or yellowish nuts which are usually strongly pointed at lK>th ends, while those of the latter are white and barely tipped with a point and often rounded or notched at the base. The leaflets of this species number 7-9 to a leaf and are more downy on the lower surface than In Carya ovata which has only 6-7 leaflets to each leaf. For dls- tingulflhing characteristics between this species and other Hickories see "Distinguishing Charac- teristics" under Carya ovata, page 112. RANGE—Central New York and Pennsylvania, west to Iowa and Nebraska and south to Ten- nessee and Arkansas. DISTRIBUTION IN PENNSYLVANIA—Common In the southeastern part of the State. Most common east of the Allegheny mountains. Rare In the mountainous region except locally in the fertile valley* between the mountains. Locally present In the western part. Probably most com- mon In Northampton, Bucks, and Montgomery counties. HABITAT—Prefers wet, rich soil. Often found on situations which are temporarily flooded in spring. Frequent in rich bottomlands and on fertile hillsides. IMPORTANCE OF THE SPECIES—This is a very Important tree on account of the valuable wood and nuts which it produces. It is not very common In the State as a whole, but where It does occur it should be protected and regenerated as much as possible. Seeds should be planted rather than seedlings because the latter are sensitive to transplanting on account of their long taproot. 0—9 INTENTIONAL SECOND EXPOSURE

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