File:Bulletin (Pennsylvania Department of Forestry), no. 11 (1901) (19879814224).jpg

Title: Bulletin (Pennsylvania Department of Forestry), no. 11
Identifier: bulletinpennsylv11pennx (find matches)
Year: 1901 (1900s)
Authors: Pennsylvania. Dept. of Forestry
Subjects: Forests and forestry
Publisher: Harrisburg, Pa. : The Department : WM. Stanley Ray, state printer of Pennsylvania
Contributing Library: Penn State University
Digitizing Sponsor: Lyrasis Members and Sloan Foundation

View Book Page: Book Viewer
About This Book: Catalog Entry
View All Images: All Images From Book
Click here to view book online to see this illustration in context in a browseable online version of this book.

Text Appearing Before Image:
'
Text Appearing After Image:
PLATE XXXIX. BIG SHELL-BARK HICKORY 1. A flowering branch, x 5. •J. A branch with fruit and a mature leaf, x J. 3. A uut, X i. 4. Cross-section of a nut, x S. 5. A winter twig, x i. 6. Terniinal part of a winter twig, sliglitly enlarged. 7. A Ifuf-scar with bundle-scurs, slightly enlarged. 113 BIG SHELL-BARK HICKORY Carya laciniosa, (Michaux f.) Loudon FOBX—In greneral it Is the same as the Shell-bark (Carya ovata) except that It doea not attain so larg« a diameter. When grown In a dense forest its trunk la very long, clean, and slightly tapertng. BASE—Same as Shell-bark Hickory (Carya ovata) or probably somewhat less shaggy. TWIG8—(Btout, usoally a little velvety or tomentose, buif to nearly orange in color, covered with nnmeroiur rather Inconspicnoas longitudinally-elongated lentlcels; pith angular. Bin>8--81)nilar to those of the shell-bark (Carya ovata) except that they are a little larger and hare 1«m keeled and more hairy outer scales. LEAYEfr—Alternate, compound, with 7-9 leaflets, 10-22 inches long. l>aflets differ In size; basal pair smallest, about ) sl*e of tlie terminal; the upper pair broadest between the middle and the apex. Leaflets sharp-pointed at apex, serrate on margin, tapering or rounded at base, thick, firm, dark green and smooth above, pale green to brownish and hairy below. Leaf-stalks grooved, stout, smooth or hairy, thickened at base, often persist for a long time. LEAF-SCAR&—Alternate, more than 2-ranked, large, conspicuous, somewhat raised, heart-shaped or 3-lobed or inversely triangular or sometimes elliptical, containing numerous conspicuous bundle- scars which are distributed irregularly, grouped in 3 clusters or arranged in a curved line. FLOWESS—Similar to those of Shell-bark Hickory (Carya ovata). See page 112. FBUIT—Ovoid or broadly-oblong. 4-rlbbed above the middle, covered with very thick husk which splits readily to the base. Nut dull white or yellowish, thick-walled, usually strongly pointed at both ends, containing a sweet, light brown and deeply lobed kernel. WOOD—EHmllar to that of the Shell-bark (Carya ovata), see page 112. Lumbermen do not and manufacturers cannot distinguish between wood of the two species. DISTINGUISHnSTG- CHAEACTERI8TI08—The Big Shell-bark Hickory, also known as Shag-bark Hickory and King Nut, is most closely related to the Shell-bark Hickory (Carya ovata). It can best be distinguished by its doll white or yellowish nuts which are usually strongly pointed at both ends, while those of the latter are white and barely tipped with a point and often rounded or notched at the base. The leaflets of this species number 7-9 to a leaf and are more downy on the lower surface than in Carya ovata which has only 5-7 leaflets to each leaf. For dis- tlngulshlng characteristics between this species and other Hickories see "Distinguishing Charac- teristies" under Carya ovata, page 112. KAKOE—Central New York and Pennsylvania, west to Iowa and Nebraska and south to Ten- nessee and Arkansas. DISTBXBtrTION IK PENNSYLVANIA—Common in the southeastern part of the State. Most common east of the Allegheny mountains. Rare In the mountainous region except locally In the fertile valley* between the mountains. Locally present in the western part. Probably most com- mon In Northampton, Bucks, and Montgomery counties. HABITAT—^Prefers wet, rich soil. Often found on situations which are temporarily flooded in spring. Fr«quent In rich bottomlands and on fertile hillsides. DCPORTANOE OF THE SPECIES—This Is a very Important tree on account of the valuable wood and nuts which it produces. It is not very comnwn in the State as a whole, but where it does occur it should be protected and regenerated as much as possible. Seeds should be planted rather than seedlings because the latter are sensitive to transplanting on account of their long taproot. G—0

Note About Images