File:Birds and nature (1902) (14748213221).jpg

Identifier: birdsnature121902chic (find matches)
Title: Birds and nature
Year: 1900 (1900s)
Authors:
Subjects: Birds Natural history
Publisher: Chicago, Ill. : A.W. Mumford, Publisher
Contributing Library: Smithsonian Institution Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Biodiversity Heritage Library

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way to the ocean bythe rivers that flowed from them. Deepdown into the earth much of it foundits way, along the fissures and porousstrata, until it reached some impervious .,stratum, as clay or granite. But as this ^first underground supply would in timebecome exhausted, by flowing into theocean through the rivers they fed, naturehas made further provision for keepingup the supply. Everywhere upon thesurface of the earth where there is wateror moisture evaporation is going on. Thesun raises enormous quantities of waterin the form of vapor, which forms cloudsand descends in rain. A part of thiswater is soon restored to the sea by therivers, but by far the largest portionpenetrates the earths surface, as waterwould penetrate cloth or a sponge whenpoured upon it. Rain penetrating theearth goes down until it comes to somesubstance that it cannot penetrate. Then,in trying to find its level, it will distrib-ute itself just as it does upon the surfaceof the earth. It will finds its way into
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PHOTOGRAPH BY F. J HAYNES, ST. PAU 502 OLD FAITHFUL G-EYSER.(Yellowstone National Park.) cavities, large and small, or followingsome underground channel or stratum, itmay burst forth a clear and sparklingspring, or it may flow on a rivulet, orriver, and perhaps enter into a great sub-terranean lake. The underground foun-tain or lake that keeps an artesian wellspouting from year to year may be fedby a stream or lake in the heart of somedistant mountain. Some artesian wellscease to flow after a while, showing thatthe fountain that supplies them is at leastpartially exhausted. We do not know towhat depth water penetrates the earth.Artesian wells have been bored in recentyears to the depth of four thousand feet.The temperature of springs and artesianwells is regulated by the temperature ofthe strata through which the water per-colates. The geysers of Iceland send upenormous jets of hot water in the midstof Arctic cold. The earth is natures great filter,cleansing and purifying the water fr

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