File:An academic physiology and hygiene (1903) (14594451890).jpg

Identifier: academicphysio00bran (find matches)
Title: An academic physiology and hygiene ..
Year: 1903 (1900s)
Authors: Brands, Orestes M. (from old catalog) Van Gieson, Henry C., (from old catalog) joint author
Subjects: Hygiene Physiology
Publisher: Boston, B. H. Sanborn & co
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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t of deglutition isthen complete. CHAPTER XXII. CHYMIFICATION, OR STOMACH DIGESTION. 1. The Stomach. — The stomach is a muscular bag, of anirregular oval shape, which is often compared to that of theair-bag of a bag-pipe. It is located transversely across theupper part of the abdomen ; and while it varies in size indifferent persons, in the average adult it is capable of con-taining about three fluid pints. 2. The ccsoplia^us opens obliquely into the left extremityA the stomach by an aperture called the cardiac orifice, named because of its nearness to the heart. This orifice is guarded by a muscle surrounding it in a circular form, and which can contract so tightly as to prevent the ; backward of substances that have entered the stomach. At the right extremity, the Stomach opens into 204 ACADEMIC PHYSIOLOGY. the duodenum by a small aperture, called the pyloricorifice, which is surrounded by a strong, circular musclepresenting the appearance of a prominent band, and called j ----■
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Fig. 40. The Organs of Digestion. EXPLANATION. a, the oesophagus. I, the pancreas. c, the stomach. dt the spleen. e, the small intestine. f, the large intestine*h, the appendix,j, the gall-bladder,&, the liver./, the pylorus. the pylorus (Gr. puloros, a gate-keeper). The office ofthe pylorus is to guard the opening and prevent the exitof aliment while it is being digested in the stomach, DIGESTION. 205 Between the two orifices are the two curvatures of thestomach, the upper one, called the smaller^ and the lowerone the greater curvature. 3. The inner or mucous coat of the stomach is thick andsoft, and lies in irregular folds, termed rugce, whose objectis to enlarge the space for blood-vessels, nerves, etc. Therest of the thickness of this coat is chiefly made up ofminute tubes running to the inner surface of the stomach ;these are the gastric tubes, or glands, which secrete thegastric juice from the blood in the capillaries of themucous lining. 4. The middle, or muscular coat cons

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