File:American forestry (1910-1923) (17956274768).jpg

Title: American forestry
Identifier: americanforestry181912amer (find matches)
Year: 1910-1923 (1910s)
Authors: American Forestry Association
Subjects: Forests and forestry
Publisher: Washington, D. C. : American Forestry Association
Contributing Library: The LuEsther T Mertz Library, the New York Botanical Garden
Digitizing Sponsor: The LuEsther T Mertz Library, the New York Botanical Garden

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Text Appearing Before Image:
EXTINCT VOLCANOES OF NORTHEAST NEW MEXICO 361
Text Appearing After Image:
CAPULIN MOUNTAIN AS SKlvN 1<RUM THE PLAIN BELOW IT. Folsom, New Mexico, about 30 miles southeast of Raton. Until recently it has been readily accessible only from Folsom, a small town on the Colorado and Southern Railway, but recently a railroad has been constructed from Raton eastward which passes within three miles of the summit. The moun- tain has an altitude of about 8,000 feet or about 1,500 feet above the general level of the plain on which it stands. There is a broad platform at its base built up by successive flows of lava, and on this platform rests a steep- sided crater cone nearly circular in outline and probably a mile and a half in diameter at the base, having a well- defined crater at its summit. The bot- tom of the crater is about 75 feet lower than the lowest part of the rim and about 275 feet lower than the highest part. Its diameter from rim to rim was estimated at 1,500 feet. The lava platform on which the cone stands is composed of scoriaceous, ropy lava evidently extruded from Capulin in the early stages of its vol- canic activity, in successive flows sep- arated by considerable periods of time. Some of the older lavas where they were not covered by more recent ones have decomposed at the surface form- ing a thin layer of soil in which grass and shrubs have taken root. Some of the younger flows have all the ear- marks of recent origin. They are very slightly decomposed, are scoriaceous and ropy, and have fractured crust, cavernous openings, blister cones, etc. In short, they form typical "mal pais." The appearance of the nearly vertical faces of some of the more recent flows suggests a rapidly advancing tidal wave frozen in transit. As the surface of the molten rock cooled the solid crust at the advancing front was fractured and rolled under, and when the whole mass ceased to move this rolling front stopped in the position seen at the pres- ent time. In some places where the nearly vertical front is 25 to 30 feet high, scarcely a block has fallen from it, so recently was it formed.

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