File:A history of the American nation (1919) (14595848348).jpg

Identifier: historyofamerica03mcla (find matches)
Title: A history of the American nation
Year: 1919 (1910s)
Authors: McLaughlin, Andrew Cunningham, 1861- (from old catalog)
Subjects:
Publisher: New York, Chicago, D. Appleton and company
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: Sloan Foundation

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continued to pour into our land. Inventions multiplied; thereperity.** ^^^^ Were nearly four thousand patents issued in the year i860 alone. Ocean commerce had grown, and ourmerchantmen carried the American flag to every sea. Americanswere proud of the fact that they could now dispute the navi-gation of the world with England, and that England could*no longer be styled mistress of the sea. Though our exporttrade was still largely in agricultural products, much capitalwas invested in manufacturing. The iron industry of Penn-sylvania had assumed large proportions, and the cotton andwoolen industries of the Eastern States had grown greatly inrecent years. In i860 the products of mechanical industry inthe United States were worth almost two billion dollars. Therailroad system, especially in the North and West, was beingrapidly extended, and the East and West were being thoroughlybound together—an important factor in the military as well asthe industrial strength of the Northern section.
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. Rallroada In operationJan.1,1860III (; II mil Rallroada completed during 1860 The Growth of RailroadsFrom F. L. Paxsons The Railroads of the Old Northwest before the Civil War 372 HISTORY OF THE AMERICAN NATION The North had now passed far ahead of the South in popula-tion and in wealth. When the Constitution was adopted thetwo sections were not dissimilar in these partic-The North out- ^ja^j-g Accordinff to the census of i7qo, the in- strips the South . ° . in population, habitants of the States north of Mason and Dixonsline were 1,968,040, and of those south of the line1,961,174. But in i860 the free States and Territories had a pop-ulation of 21,184,305, while the slave States had 10,259,016, ofwhom about one-third were slaves. This difference, yearly grow-ing more marked, was due in part to the fact that the Europeanimmigrant would not go and make his home in a section wherelabor was considered the duty only of bondmen. The strugglethat had been maintained until 1850 to keep a

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