File:APP metabolism by the secretase enzymes.jpg

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English: APP metabolism by the secretase enzymes. APP is sequentially cleaved by BACE1, the β-secretase, and γ-secretase, a complex comprised of presenilin, nicastin, Aph1 and Pen2, to generate Aβ. BACE1 cleavage of APP is a prerequisite for Aβ formation and is putatively the rate-limiting step in Aβ genesis. BACE1 cleavage of APP forms the N-terminus of the peptide, and two cleavage fragments are liberated: APPsβ, a secreted ectodomain, and C99, a membrane bound fragment. C99 is the substrate for γ-secretase, and C99 cleavage generates the AICD together with the C-terminus of Aβ. Aβ formation is prevented by the activities of α-secretase, which has been identified as TACE, ADAM9 and ADAM10. α-secretase cleaves APP to generate the secreted ectodomain, APPsα and membrane bound fragment, C83. C83 is subsequently cleaved by the γ-secretase complex to yield the 3 KDa fragment, P3 and the AICD.


Cole and Vassar Molecular Neurodegeneration 2007 2:22 doi:10.1186/1750-1326-2-22
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Source The Alzheimer's disease β-secretase enzyme, BACE1
Author Sarah L Cole and Robert Vassar
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© 2007 Cole and Vassar; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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current02:03, 25 July 2009Thumbnail for version as of 02:03, 25 July 2009720 × 540 (47 KB)CopperKettle (talk | contribs){{Information |Description={{en|1=APP metabolism by the secretase enzymes. APP is sequentially cleaved by BACE1, the β-secretase, and γ-secretase, a complex comprised of presenilin, nicastin, Aph1 and Pen2, to generate Aβ. BACE1 cleavage of APP is a pr

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