Fagus sylvatica

APG IV Classification: Domain: Eukaryota • (unranked): Archaeplastida • Regnum: Plantae • Cladus: Angiosperms • Cladus: eudicots • Cladus: core eudicots • Cladus: superrosids • Cladus: rosids • Cladus: eurosids I • Ordo: Fagales • Familia: Fagaceae • Genus: Fagus • Species: Fagus sylvatica L. (1753)

Vernacular names [edit wikidata 'Fagus sylvatica']

• English: European Beech
• Alemannisch: Rotbuche
• العربية: زان أوروبي
• مصرى: زان اوروبى
• asturianu: Faya
• azərbaycanca: Meşə fıstığı
• تۆرکجه: مئشه فیستیغی
• Boarisch: Buacha
• беларуская: Бук лясны
• беларуская (тарашкевіца): бук лясны
• български: Обикновен бук
• brezhoneg: Faou
• català: Faig
• corsu: Faiu
• čeština: Buk lesní
• kaszëbsczi: Bùk
• Cymraeg: Ffawydden
• dansk: Almindelig bøg
• Deutsch: Rotbuche
• Schweizer Hochdeutsch: Rotbuche
• dolnoserbski: Cerwjeny buk
• Ελληνικά: ευρωπαϊκή οξιά
• Esperanto: Eŭropa fago
• eesti: Harilik pöök
• euskara: Pago arrunt
• فارسی: راش اروپایی
• suomi: Euroopanpyökki
• français: Hêtre commun
• arpetan: Fo
• Nordfriisk: Ruadbööke
• galego: Faia
• Alemannisch: Buche
• עברית: אשור אירופי
• hrvatski: Obična bukva
• hornjoserbsce: Lěsny buk
• magyar: Európai bükk
• հայերեն: Հաճարենի անտառային
• Bahasa Indonesia: Bewuk Eropa
• íslenska: Skógarbeyki
• 日本語: ヨーロッパブナ
• 한국어: 유럽너도밤나무
• kernowek: Fow
• Lëtzebuergesch: Routbuch
• Limburgs: Beuk
• lietuvių: Paprastasis bukas
• latviešu: Eiropas dižskābardis
• македонски: обична бука
• മലയാളം: ഫാഗസ് സിൽവറ്റിക്ക
• norsk bokmål: bøk
• Nederlands: Beuk
• norsk nynorsk: Bøk
• norsk: Bøk
• Picard: Hète
• polski: Buk zwyczajny
• português: Faia-europeia
• português do Brasil: Faia-europeia
• Runa Simi: Iwrupa haya
• rumantsch: Fau verd
• română: Fag
• русский: Бук европейский
• srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски: Obična bukva
• slovenčina: Buk lesný
• slovenščina: Navadna bukev
• српски / srpski: Обична буква
• svenska: Bok
• Türkçe: Avrupa kayını
• українська: Бук звичайний
• vèneto: Fagaro
• Tiếng Việt: Dẻ gai châu Âu
• 吴语: 欧洲山毛榉
• მარგალური: ევროპული ჭყონი
• 中文: 欧洲山毛榉
• 中文（中国大陆）: 欧洲山毛榉
• 中文（简体）: 欧洲山毛榉
• 中文（繁體）: 歐洲山毛櫸
• 中文（香港）: 歐洲山毛櫸
• 中文（新加坡）: 欧洲山毛榉
• 中文（臺灣）: 歐洲山毛櫸

Images of the whole plant & Natural habitats

Belgium

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  Autumn leaves in Morlanwelz-Mariemont, Belgium
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  Rocherath.
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  Fagus Sylvatica in Esneux.
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  Fetich tree in Jalhay.
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  Fagus Sylvatica in Roly.
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  Fagus Sylvatica in La Hulpe.
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  Autumn leaves in La Hulpe, Belgium
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  Fagus Sylvatica in La Hulpe.
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  Foret de Soignes - Zonienwoud

See also: category:Fagus sylvatica in Belgium‎.

Bulgaria

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  North slope of Botev, Stara Planina, Bulgaria
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  Sredna Gora mountains.

See also: category:Fagus sylvatica in Bulgaria.

Denmark

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  Autumn in the beech forests at Gråsten (Gravenstein)
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  New leaves, Grib Forest, Denmark

See also: Category:Fagus sylvatica (forests) in Denmark.

France

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  Pays de Caux, Normandy.
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  Forest in Saint-Antoine, Cozzano, Corsica.
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  Plateau d'Albion, single tree

See also: Category:Fagus sylvatica forests in France.

Hungary

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  Beech forest in the Mátra Mts. (Hungary)

Italy

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  Beech forest near the Rocca Barbena
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  Veteran beech tree in Mallare
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  Faggio di San Francesco veteran tree in Rivodutri
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  Il "faggio del piccione"

See also: category:Fagus sylvatica in Italy.

Germany

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  Northbrandenburg.
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  Northbrandenburg
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  Marburg, Germany
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  Beech forest called Gespensterwald near Rostock
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  Bad Nenndorf
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  Suentel forest
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  Melica uniflora in herbal str.
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  Forest between the Waterfall of Urach and Castle Hohenurach in Baden-Württemberg.
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  Himmeldunkberg in the Rhön.
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  Forests near the Rhön.

See also: Category:Fagus sylvatica forests in Germany.

Netherlands

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  old Copper beech near Bladel, The Netherlands

See also: category:Fagus sylvatica in the Netherlands.

Norway

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  "Bøkeskogen" in Larvik, Norway

See also: category:Fagus sylvatica in Norway.

Poland

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  Downview at tree tops. (Poland, Nature reserve Szczyt Wieżyca)
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  In forest with Picea abies and Abies alba, Silesian Beskids, Poland
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  Forest, Silesian Beskids, Poland
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  Silesian Beskids, Poland
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  Sudecka forest
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  Kraków Planty Park

See also: Category:Fagus sylvatica forests in Poland.

Slovakia

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  Stužica is a uniquely preserved.
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  and undisturbed primeval beech forest.
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  of the Eastern Carpathians range.

Spain

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  Bosque de hayas en el Monte Saja (Cantabria)
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  La Fageda d'en Jordà (Catalonia)
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  Fagus sylvatica var. 'purpurea tricolor' in Parque del Oeste, Madrid.
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  Beeches in Ordunte province of Burgos.
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  Beeches in Irati.
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  Beeches in Hayedo de Montejo.

See also: Category:Fagus sylvatica forests in Spain.

Switzerland

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  Schinberg, Fricktal, Switzerland
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  Switzerland, snow-covered

See also: category:Fagus sylvatica in Switzerland.

United Kingdom

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  Sutton Coldfield Park
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  Beech in autumn, Scotland

See also: category:Fagus sylvatica in the United Kingdom.

Remarkable beeches

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  Beech in Urwald Sababurg 8,83m circumference measured in 2005
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  Called Li Béni Hesse in Bonnerue (Belgium)
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  8m cicumference measured in 2007 - Bonnerue, Belgium
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  l’Arbre à deux jambes (Tree if two legs) in Arquennes, Belgium.
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  Remarkable beech in Esneux (Belgium). 686 cm at 150 cm from the ground (2007).
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  View of the same beech in Esneux.
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  250 years, in Neualbenreuth.
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  Planted in 1859, Category:Villa Visconti Borromeo Arese Litta (Lainate), Italy.
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  300 years, Harthausen, Deutschland.
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  300 years, Maienfeld, Schweiz.
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  Fagus sylvatica var. ‘Atropunicea’ in the Park of Mariemont, Belgium. 535 cm of circumference at 150cm from the ground (2007)

Special growth forms

Hedges

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  Hedge in Solwaster, (Belgium)
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  Meikleour Beech Hedge
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See also: Category:Fagus sylvatica (hedges).

Trees grown from untended hedges

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Pasture beech

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  The pasture bech
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  is a particular species or growth habit.
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  When leaves and branches are nibbled by the grazing animals,
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  the trees have no main trunk and grow bushy.

Bonsai

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  In the botanical garden of Giardino dei Semplici di Firenze.
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  In the North Carolina Arboretum, Asheville, North Carolina, USA.

Morphology

Roots

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See also: category:Fagus sylvatica (roots).

Stems and branches

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  Textura de la corteza
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  Fagus sylvatica var. quercoides
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  Trunk, Beskid Żywiecki, Poland.
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  Dead trunk with fungi
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  Beech in Poland
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  Beech in Bystrc
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See also: Category:Fagus sylvatica (bark).

Seedling

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See also: Category:Fagus sylvatica (seedlings).

Buds

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See also: Category:Fagus sylvatica (buds).

Leaves

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  Leaves with hairs
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  Leaves
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  Young leaf
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  Bottom side of young leaves, Poland
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  young leaves with hairs
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  Fagus sylvatica, follaje otoñal
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  Leaf in autumn colour
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  Lammas shoot
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  English: Young leaves of a 4 months old european beech
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  English: Young leave of a 4 months old european beech - closeup
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  English: Terminal shoot of a 4 months old european beech
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  'Rohan Weeping'

See also: Leaves and branches.

Flowers

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  Flowers
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  Flowers
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  male flowers (left), female flower (right)

See also: Category:Fagus sylvatica (flowers).

Capsules (fruit) & Seeds

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See also: Category:Fagus sylvatica (fruit).

Cultivars

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  var. 'Asplenifolia'
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  var. 'Purpurea'
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  var. 'Pendula'
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  var. 'Purpurea Tricolor'
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  var. 'Tortuosa'

See also: category:Fagus sylvatica (cultivars).

Diseases

Mikiola fagi (Cecidomyiidae) galls on foliage

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Hartigiola annulipes galls on foliage

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Rhynchaenus fagi (Orchestes fagi)

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Fungus

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  Kretzschmaria deusta
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  Kretzschmaria deusta
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Canker

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Wood

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  beech-fuelwood, Germany
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  Cross section, Silesian Beskids, Poland
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  near Jaworzyna Krynicka, Poland
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    Fagus sylvatica - Museum specimen

See also: category:fagus sylvatica (wood).

Fossil forms

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  Fagus sylvatica pliocenica

Botanical illustrations

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  Original scan
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  Bukev. (Fágus silvática.)
  Illustration #112 in: Martin Cilenšek: Naše škodljive rastline, Celovec (1892)
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  Fagus sylvatica
  plate 140 in:
  Wayside and woodland blossoms,
  1895

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  Fagus sylvatica
  plate 140 in:
  Wayside and woodland blossoms,
  1895

  alternative

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