Medicine/zh

醫学，是處理健康相關問題的一種科學，以治疗和预防生理和心理疾病和提高人体自身素质为目的。狹義的醫學只是疾病的治療，但也有說法稱預防醫學為第一醫學，臨床醫學為第二醫學，復健醫學為第三醫學。醫学的科學面是應用基礎醫學的理論與發現，例如生化、生理、微生物學、解剖、病理學、藥理學、統計學、流行病學等，來治療疾病與促進健康。然而，医学也具有人文與藝術的一面，它關注的不僅是人体的器官和疾病，而是人（身体和心理）的健康和生命。生理、心理、社會模式是廣為接受的理論，而其他如生理心理靈性社會的照顧、全人、全隊、全程、全家的醫療也都是現代醫學的重要理論。随着醫学模式的转变，醫学的人文性受到越来越多的重视。醫學倫理目前最廣為人知的是四初確原則方法論:自主、行善、不傷害、正義。 (→医学)

历史

A statue of Asclepius.
The hieroglyphic for brain from The Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus (17th century B.C.)
Physician treating a patient. Red-figure Attic aryballos, ca. 480–470 BC.
Trepanation, as described by Hans von Gersdorff in Feldbuch der Wundartzney (1517)
Image from Andreas Vesalius's De humani corporis fabrica (1543), page 164.
Image from 11th century AH (17th century AD) Persian manuscript by Mansur ibn Muhammad Ahmad at the Majles Library, Tehran.
Drug Ampoules
old medicine
The earliest illustration of tuberous sclerosis, displayed in Rayer's 1835: "Traité des maladies de la peau".

Primary care

Primary care physician
Pediatrics
Nursing

急诊

Paramedics attending to a man after a fall from a bridge
An ambulance from the Philadelphia Fire Department
Interior of an Ambulance.

医院

Reagan medical center in Los Angeles
Nurse at the bedside of a young boy in an Intensive Care Unit, IBN Sina Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq (April 2004).
Hospital room