File:Massive central chandelier and two of the medallions - Hagia Sophia (8394693292).jpg
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[edit]DescriptionMassive central chandelier and two of the medallions - Hagia Sophia (8394693292).jpg | The most famous restoration of the Aya Sofya was ordered by Sultan Abdülmecid and completed by eight hundred workers between 1847 and 1849, under the supervision of the Swiss-Italian architect brothers Gaspare and Giuseppe Fossati. The brothers consolidated the dome and vaults, straightened the columns, and revised the decoration of the exterior and the interior of the building. The mosaics in the upper gallery were cleaned. The old chandeliers were replaced by new pendant ones. New gigantic circular-framed disks or medallions were hung on columns. They were inscribed with the names of Allah, the Prophet Muhammad, the first four caliphs Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman and Ali, and the two grandchildren of Mohammed: Hassan and Hussain, by the calligrapher Kazasker Mustafa İzzed Effendi (1801–1877). In 1850 the architect Fossati built a new sultan's gallery in a Neo-Byzantine style connected to the royal pavilion behind the mosque. Outside the Aya Sofya, a timekeeper's building and a new madrasah were built. The minarets were altered so that they were of equal height. When the restoration was finished, the mosque was re-opened with ceremonial pomp on 13 July 1849. |
Date | |
Source | Massive central chandelier and two of the medallions - Hagia Sophia |
Author | Jorge Láscar from Australia |
Camera location | 41° 00′ 30.77″ N, 28° 58′ 47.78″ E | View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMap | 41.008548; 28.979938 |
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Licensing
[edit]This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic license.
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by Jorge Lascar at https://www.flickr.com/photos/8721758@N06/8394693292. It was reviewed on 2 April 2014 by FlickreviewR and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
2 April 2014
Annotations InfoField | This image is annotated: View the annotations at Commons |
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Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
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current | 06:42, 2 April 2014 | 4,288 × 2,848 (6.66 MB) | Russavia (talk | contribs) | Transferred from Flickr |
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This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong.
Camera manufacturer | NIKON CORPORATION |
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Camera model | NIKON D90 |
Exposure time | 1/60 sec (0.016666666666667) |
F-number | f/4 |
ISO speed rating | 560 |
Date and time of data generation | 09:17, 29 August 2012 |
Lens focal length | 10 mm |
Orientation | Normal |
Horizontal resolution | 300 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 300 dpi |
Software used | Ver.1.00 |
File change date and time | 09:17, 29 August 2012 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exposure Program | Not defined |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Date and time of digitizing | 09:17, 29 August 2012 |
Meaning of each component |
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Image compression mode | 4 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 4 APEX (f/4) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Light source | Unknown |
Flash | Flash did not fire, auto mode |
DateTime subseconds | 00 |
DateTimeOriginal subseconds | 00 |
DateTimeDigitized subseconds | 00 |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 15 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Scene control | Low gain up |
Contrast | Normal |
Saturation | Normal |
Sharpness | Normal |
Subject distance range | Unknown |
GPS tag version | 2.2.0.0 |