File:Campagne Phare 2002 - Vers géants (Riftia Pachyptila) dans leur habitat (Ifremer 00569-68101).jpg
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Français : Vers géants Riftia Pachyptila photographiés par le ROV Victor 6000 dans leur habitat par 2630 mètres de fond, sur la dorsale du Pacifique oriental.
Riftia pachyptila est l’espèce emblématique des sources hydrothermales. Ce grand ver géant peut atteindre des tailles spectaculaires de plus de 2 mètres. Il vit dans un tube de chitine qu’il sécrète. Ce tube lui permet de se protéger des prédateurs et des conditions environnementales difficiles. L’une de ses plus bizarres curiosités, c’est qu’il n’a ni bouche, ni tube digestif, ni anus. Il s’alimente donc d’une drôle de façon. En effet, son corps est rempli d’un grand sac, appelé le trophosome, dans lequel vivent des bactéries chimiosynthétiques. Ces bactéries utilisent l’énergie chimique contenue dans les fluides hydrothermaux que leur transmet le ver via son système sanguin. Ce sont les longues branchies de Riftia baignant dans les fluides chauds qui lui permettent de puiser les éléments chimiques émis par les sources hydrothermales parmi lesquels se trouve l’hydrogène sulfuré. On dit que les vers et les bactéries vivent en symbiose puisqu’ils ont besoin les uns des autres pour leur survie.
(Source : Jozée Sarrazin et Patrick Briand) English: Giant worms Riftia Pachyptila photographed by the ROV Victor 6000 in their habitat at 2630 meters deep, on the Eastern Pacific Ridge. Riftia pachyptila is the emblematic species of hydrothermal vents. This large giant worm can reach spectacular sizes of more than 2 meters. It lives in a chitin tube that it secretes. This tube allows it to protect itself from predators and harsh environmental conditions. One of its most bizarre curiosities is that it has no mouth, no digestive tract, and no anus. It therefore feeds in a strange way. Indeed, its body is filled with a large sac, called the trophosome, in which chemosynthetic bacteria live. These bacteria use the chemical energy contained in the hydrothermal fluids that the worm transmits to them via its blood system. It is the long gills of Riftia bathing in the hot fluids that allow it to draw on the chemical elements emitted by the hydrothermal vents, including hydrogen sulfide. It is said that worms and bacteria live in symbiosis since they need each other for their survival. (Source: Jozée Sarrazin and Patrick Briand) |
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| Date | 12 May 2002 (upload date) | |||||||||
| Source | Campagne Phare 2002 - Vers géants (Riftia Pachyptila) dans leur habitat | |||||||||
| Author | null | |||||||||
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| Keywords | Oceanic ridges; Deep hydrothermal sites; Abyssal species; Abysses; Biodiversity; Worms; Benthic species | |||||||||
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